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Solutions

Solutions. Electrolytes Nonelectrolytes. Electrolytes. Are substances that form positive(+) and negative (-) ions in water Conduct an electric current . Electrolytes in the Body. Carry messages send to and from the brain as electrical signals

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Solutions

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  1. Solutions Electrolytes Nonelectrolytes LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  2. Electrolytes • Are substances that form positive(+) and negative (-) ions in water • Conduct an electric current LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  3. Electrolytes in the Body • Carry messages send to and from the brain as electrical signals • Maintain cellular function with the correct concentrations electrolytes LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  4. Strong Electrolytes are 100% ionized salts H2O 100%ions NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) H2O CaBr2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2Br- (aq) acids HCl(g) H2O H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq) LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  5. Weak electrolytes • Most of the solute exists as molecules in solution • Only a few solute particles produce ions HF + H2O  H3O+(aq) + F- (aq) acid NH3 + H2O  NH4+(aq) + OH- (aq) base LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  6. Nonelectrolytes • Dissolve as molecules only • No ions are produced in water • Do not conduct an electric current H2O C6H12O6(s) C6H12O6(aq) glucose LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  7. Learning Check E1 Select the products for each of the following in water: H2O A. CaCl2 (s) 1) CaCl2 2) Ca2+, Cl2- 3) Ca2+ + 2Cl- H2O B. K3PO4 (s) 1) 3K+ , PO43- 2) K3PO4 3) K3+ , P3-, O4- LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  8. Learning Check E1 Solution Select the products for each of the following in water: H2O A. CaCl2 (s) 3) Ca2+ + 2Cl- H2O B. K3PO4 (s) 1) 3K+ + PO43- LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  9. Equivalents Amount of an electrolyte or an ion that provides 1 mole of electrical charge (+ or -) 1 mole Na+ = 1 equivalent 1 mole Cl- = 1 equivalent 1 mole Ca2+ = 2 equivalents 1 mole Fe3+ = equivalents LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  10. Electrolytes in Body Fluids In replacement solutions for body fluids, the electrolytesare given in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Ringer’s Solution Na+ 147 mequiv/L Cl- mequiv/L K+ 4 mequiv/L Ca2+ 4 mequiv/L LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  11. Electrolytes in Body Fluids In replacement solutions for body fluids, the electrolytesare given in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Ringer’s Solution Na+ 147 mequiv/L Cl- 155 mequiv/L K+ 4 mequiv/L Ca2+ 4 mequiv/L LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  12. Learning Check E2 A. In 1 mole of Fe3+, there are 1) 1 equiv 2) 2 equiv 3) 3 equiv B. 0.5 equivalents of calcium is 1) 5 mEq 2) 50 mEq 3) 500 mEq C. An IV bottle contains NaCl. If the Na+ is 34 mEq/L, the Cl- is 1) 34 mEq/L 2) 0 mEq/L 3) 68 mEq/L LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

  13. Learning Check E2 Solution A. In 1 mole of Fe3+, there are 3) 3 equiv B. 0.5 equivalents of calcium is 3) 500 mEq C. An IV bottle contains NaCl. If the Na+ is 34 mEq/L, the Cl- is 1) 34 mEq/L LecturePLUS Timberlake 2000

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