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Psychology of Everyday Actions

Psychology of Everyday Actions. Projector Story. DOET page 45. Seven Stages of Action Model. Goal Intentions Specifying a sequence of actions Physical execution of actions Perceiving the state of the world Interpreting the state of the world Evaluating outcome. 1 Goal.

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Psychology of Everyday Actions

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  1. Psychology of Everyday Actions

  2. Projector Story • DOET page 45

  3. Seven Stages of Action Model • Goal • Intentions • Specifying a sequence of actions • Physical execution of actions • Perceiving the state of the world • Interpreting the state of the world • Evaluating outcome

  4. 1 Goal • What to achieve • Get something to eat

  5. 2 Intentions • Intentions to act to achieve the goal • Cook dal and rice • Order a pizza • Go to a restaurant • Goals are not specific • Intentions are specific enough actions

  6. 3 Specifying a Sequence of Actions • Actions achieve the intention (and the goal) • Clean and wash rice and dal • Put cooker on the stove • Cook dal and rice… • The intentions don’t specify how to do an action • Novices form intentions, but only experienced users can specify a sequence of actions • “I want to go to the Gateway of India.” • “Go to Kanjur Marg. Take a train to CST. Walk out, take a left. Walk till the road ends”

  7. 4 Physical Execution of Actions • Having decided, one needs to execute the plan • Clean and wash rice and dal • Put cooker on the stove • Cook dal and rice • Do the unspecified bits • Deal with hiccups… • Specifying what to do needs experience • Coach, director, designer, architect, car owner • But actually doing it needs skill and ability • Sportsman, actress, illustrator, carpenter, mechanic

  8. Execution • Goal • Intentions • Specifying a sequence of actions • Physical execution of actions • Perceiving the state of the world • Interpreting the state of the world • Evaluating outcome

  9. 5 Perceiving the State of the World • Keep an eye on what’s happening • Is the toast golden brown? • Did the cooker whistle thrice? • What is that strange noise in the mixer? • Does it smell like gas? • Is it getting late? • What’s the score? • Look out for the expected, and the unexpected • Routine items, comparisons, changes, results, errors • Informing, bringing to attention, alerting, warning

  10. 6 Interpreting the State of the World • Make sense of the inputs • The toast is getting real crisp now • The rice and dal are cooked • Need to get the mixer serviced • The gas is leaking • Food might not be ready before it’s time to go • The asking rate is climbing, we may loose the match • Needs proper feedback and hands-on experience • Communicating the right conceptual model • Defragmentation of hard disks, system restore in XP, battery charge discharge cycles, network trouble • Not just reading dialog boxes, but interpreting

  11. 7 Evaluating the Outcome • Compare with the goals, did we get what we wanted? • I can now eat • Food is good, but next time we should order a pizza • I can live without chutney • O my God!!! • Let’s bunk lectures today • Our cricket team is going to the dogs • Back to higher level of thinking • How did the task connect to the goal?

  12. Evaluation • Goal • Intentions • Specifying a sequence of actions • Physical execution of actions • Perceiving the state of the world • Interpreting the state of the world • Evaluating outcome

  13. About This Model • Model • It is only an approximation • Levels of goals • Goals are nested, higher level goals have sub-goals • There are many feedback loops • Parallel and sequential • Execution and evaluation is happening all the time • General to specific to general

  14. “Gulf of Execution” • The difference between the specified sequence of actions (or earlier steps) and physical execution • Answering machine • Execution • Goal • Intentions • Specifying a sequence of actions • Physical execution of actions

  15. Implications to Design • Goal • User goals (life, experience, end), Buyer goals • Business goals, technical goals • Provide high level solutions • Intentions (Tally, refrigerator) • Clarify conceptual model to help form intentions • Specifying a sequence of actions (ans. machine) • Optimize work flow and action sequences • Provide hints and memory cues • Physical execution of actions (Devnagari typing) • Design of the micro interface

  16. “Gulf of Evaluation” • The difference between the interpreted state of the world and the actual state of the world • Starting trouble in a two wheeler • Evaluation • Perceiving the state of the world • Interpreting the state of the world • Evaluating outcome

  17. Implications to Design • Perceiving the state of the world (two wheeler) • Continuous and proper feedback • Interpreting the state of the world (% bar in IE) • Clear conceptual model • Identifying real problems • Evaluating outcome • Comparison with goals

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