Anish Bhattacharya Shen Ge Neha Satak Tejal Thakore

1. Anish Bhattacharya Shen GeNeha Satak TejalThakore Sensors to map pollution for the Danube River using GNSS

2. The Team ShenGe M.S., Aerospace B.S., Aerospace and Physics NehaSatak PhD Student, Aerospace M.S., Aerospace B.E., Electronics Anish Bhattacharya MBA Student IBM Software Engineer B.E., Electronics TejalThakore SGAC MAA Technical Lead Member of YGNSS B.S., Aerospace

3. Introduction to Project SWIPS Spherical Water In-situ Pollution Sensors Description: A submersible, wireless water pollution sensor using GNSS Measures PAHs and charged molecules in water Can submerge and float for mobile or stationary applications Carries a GNSS sensor to localize itself Uploads data to remote computer through a wireless link Application: Detects differential change in pollution concentration along the length of the river when deployed in a network Monitors a specific location along the length for water pollution levels. Can be used by government to enforce water pollution laws or by individuals and industry planning to utilize the river water.

4. Motivation • Civilizations and cities have flourished around rivers. They are a valued resource as a foundation for agriculture transportation and industry. • Two major types of pollutants in water affecting life: • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) • Ions : pH, fluoride, chloride, ammonium, total hardness and some metallic ions. • Danube River is a good case due to two reasons: • Its the second longest river in Europe, is a waterway that affects the lives of millions. • Nations and their governments through which the river passes are committed to protect it. • To track its state of pollution at different parts of the river at any given time is of critical importance to identify the source of pollution and track its concentration and distribution.

5. Value Proposition Features: SWIPS sensors are fully autonomous. Multiple sensors can communicate with each other and provide differential data Data collection is wireless at a distance of <10 km Each sensor is capable of floatingand drifting at different depths to detect pollution at various levels. Lifetime of each SWIPS sensor is designed to be 6 months. Software to process data collected from a network of SWIPS sensors will be provided. Autonomous Data Collection Multiple sensors network Mobile and Submersible Sensor Wireless link to sensors up to 20-30 km

6. Technical Design

7. SWIPS Schematic Data Link/Memory Module Rechargeable Battery GNSS Receiver Water Pollutant Sensors Water Pressure sensor Water Intake mechanism Outflow mechanism area

8. Preliminary Spherical Outer Shell 3D Design – Material and Shape SHAPE According to the ICPDR*, Danube River has a current velocity of 8-9 km/hr. To maintain a regular course for the sensor to float using the river current, it would be ideal to have a spherical shell. This will also provide better access for the water to enter the shell and the outflow mechanism to pump out the water in the shell. MATERIAL Requirements: Light weight, water-resistance, robust structure, highly corrosion resistance, weather resistance, high tensile strength and low specific gravity. Proposed materials: Carbon-fibre with epoxy resin or fibre-glass with epoxy resin. Due to being readily available and inexpensive bulk order – fibre glass with epoxy resin was chosen. *ICPDR – International Cooperation for the protection of Danube River

9. Submersing System • The sensor will float or submerge depending on its area/mass ratio. Change Area Change Mass

10. Main Board GNSS Sensor Main Board Sinking-Floating Mechanism Water Pollution Sensor Data Link Card

11. Water Pollution Sensors • Commercially available submersible UV fluorometer detect PAHs commonly found in oil, coal, and tar deposits. • Ion-selective microelectrodes detect inorganic charged pollutants. EnviroFlu-HC UV fluorometer Ion-selective microelectrodes

12. GNSS Receiver • Miniature GNSS receiver such as the Trimble Lassen iQ module can be used. Basic specifications of device including cable and antenna accessories. Without case. With case.

13. Data Link Board XStream® OEM RF Modules Relevant Specifications: Outdoor/RF line-of-sight range: 32 km Weight : 24g Data upload rate : 9.6 kbps Estimated total time for uploading data for one day : 0.2 to 1 sec

14. Power and Mass Budget

15. Target Market Bavaria Government NGOs and Other Governments along the Danube Companies along the Danube

16. SWOT Analysis

17. Development Cost

18. Overhead

19. Marketing & Collaboration • Focus on local governments and NGOs to convince them to pilot the technology along with their existing effort of water bodies conservation • Promote the product by partnering with the local authorities / NGOs to train the people about the usage of the devices and their key benefits • Marketing and promotional vehicle will be website and social media which will have both B2G and B2B content We will collaborate with local authorities, NGOs and green institutions

20. Development Timeline 2013.04Finish initial marketing. 2012.10Finish developing prototype and start marketing. 2011.10Initialize prototype development.

21. Legal Directives 2000. Water Framework Directive commits EU member states to achieve good qualitative and quantitative water status. 2008. Directive 105/EC listed broad range of environmental quality standards in water policy, notably long-term trend analysis of priority substances be conducted regularly by member states. 2006. Directive 11/EC indicated what substances and what quantities can be discharged into European waters.

22. Conclusion • With a development time of just 1 year, SWIPS provides an efficient autonomous system providing water pollution data to any interested party. • Marketing and collaboration with governments, companies, and NGOs will lead to the widespread use of the SWIPS sensor system.