Let’s begin with definition.….

2. Let’s begin with definition.…. • Ozone - colorless, odorless gas with 3 oxygen atoms (O3) • Pollutant - a substance that affects air, water, or other natural resources. • Ozone hole - a region in the atmosphere in where the ozone layer has less than normal concentration of ozone.

3. Composition of Atmosphere • Nitrogen 78% • Oxygen 21% • Argon 0.93% • Other gases traces ( O3, CO2, CFCs)

4. The Thin Blue Veil of the Earth’s Atmosphere

5. What is the difference between Troposphere & Stratosphere?

6. Troposphereis the layer in the atmosphere from the earth’s surface to a height of 10 miles above Stratosphere extends from the top of troposphere to 100 mi Troposphere vs. Stratosphere

7. Where is ozone found? Stratosphere (15-21mi) Troposphere (0-10mi ) 10-30ppb  1000xppb  

8. Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) VOC’sa aPrecursors of ozone Particulate Matter Sulfur Dioxide Carbon Dioxide Lead aEPA- harmful to health NC ranked 2nd in the US in unhealthy ozone levels Primary pollutants emitted:

9. How have humans polluted the air?

11. It’s the CFC’s! O3 uv O + O 2 O + O3 uv 2O2 Net Loss: 2O3 = 3O2 Ozone layer in the stratosphere protects the earth from the sun’s UV light

12. In Troposphere Bad ozone Harmful increase Concentration of ozone 1910 10ppb 2000 20-30ppb In Stratosphere Good ozone Decrease in protective zones Ozone Twin Problem

13. Pushing the ecosystem to the brink. Where it resides, it can protect or harm life.

14. Ozone hole in the stratosphere

15. Effect of ozone on forest ecosystem • May alter sensitive plant species in forests • Reduces nutrient levels • Changes mortality rates of plant species • Other ecological impacts not known?

16. Research on ozone effects on forest trees Plays a role in the decline of • Ponderosa pine in California • Red spruce in N. Appalachians • Pitch pine in New Jersey • Yellow pine in Southern US

18. Recent Developments... • Montreal Protocol Amended in 1990 signed by 36 nations called for a phasing out of CFCs, halons, and other forms of precursors by the year 2000.

19. Recent Developments... Amendments to the Clean Air Act in 1990 -EPA is responsible for setting guidelines -Catalytic converter in vehicles to reduce pollution -Use of devices in factories, power plants, homes -Reduce use of plastics and CFC’s products Clean Air Act Amendments 1990

20. Recent Developments Environmental problems are now more diverse and on a larger scale than ever before experienced

21. Code Orange Approaching unhealthy Code Purple Unhealthy NC awareness & ozone action days? Provide information on air pollution, its causes and effects

22. Ozone pollution in North Carolina • 22 of the 23 counties monitored violate the state ozone pollution standard • Last June Charlotte recorded dirtiest air in U.S. • Greatest impact on children with asthma • Coal burning power plants- largest single source

23. Concept map

24. Summary of ozone concepts • Ozone is a molecule of three oxygen atoms • Ozone is broken apart by the sun’s UV radiation • Ozone is destroyed by catalytic processes e.x. Cl, NOx, Br or hydrogen • The ozone hole is a result of man’s activities • International agreements regulated the use of CFCs & other pollutants • The harmful effects of ozone on the ecosystem

25. Student:Teacher, every time I drink coffee I get a stab in my left eye Teacher:Take the spoon out of the cup.

27. KEY Condition Changing Capacity Environmental Scorecard

28. Our ideals, laws and customs should be based on the proposition that each generation in turn becomes the custodian rather than the absolute owner of our resources… and each generation has the obligation to pass this inheritance on to the future -Alden Whitman

29. For making an impact

30. Who Moved My Cheese? “Things that matter most must never be at the mercy of things that matter least.” Goethe