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Renaissance Poetry. Sonnet Basics. 14 line Lyric Poem Octave (8 lines) Sestet (6 lines) 3 quatrains followed by a Couplet (2 lines) Rhyme Scheme Volta: (Italian: “turn”) the turn in thought in a sonnet that is often indicated by such words as But , Yet , or And yet . Sonnets.
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Sonnet Basics • 14 line Lyric Poem • Octave (8 lines) • Sestet (6 lines) • 3 quatrains followed by a Couplet (2 lines) • Rhyme Scheme • Volta: (Italian: “turn”) the turn in thought in a sonnet that is often indicated by such words as But, Yet, or And yet.
Sonnets • 3 forms • English (Shakespearean) • Consists of 3 quatrains and a final couplet • Couplet provides a final commentary on the subject in the 3 quatrains • Rhyme Scheme: abab cdcd efef gg • Italian (Petrachan) • Has an octave and a sestet • octave presents a problem or raises a question; rhyme scheme of abbaabba • Sestet presents the solution or comments on the problem; rhyme scheme of cdcdcd or cdecde Spensarian • Interlocking rhyme scheme: abab bcbc cdcd ee • Same structure as Shakespearean sonnet Each form is slightly different, but all keep the same basic format of 14 lines
Carpe DiemPoetry and Cavalier Poets • Yes, it translates to “seize the day”, but why is that important? Especially to this time period? • The idea that people should think for themselves and if they make a mistake, then they will learn from them • Robert Herrick – “To The Virgins…” • “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”
Pastoral Poetry • Characteristics • Shepherds in a rural setting • Tend to use formal, courtly speech in meters and rhyme scheme • Idealistic • Often involve the message “carpe diem” • “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” • “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd” mimics this idea; more sarcastic and realistic
“Whoso List to Hunt”by Sir Thomas Wyatt • What type of poem is this? • Italian Sonnet • Brought the Italian sonnet form to British literature • Refers to Anne Boleyn as the deer • Caesar is a referenced • Hind (deer) is symbolism as king’s property
Metaphysical Poets • Used elaborate metaphors to explore life’s complexities • What is another name for an extended metaphor? CONCEITS • Common themes of love, death, and religious devotion • Examples? John Donne; Ben Jonson • Marked by unconventional imagery • Think! Love and Compass?!?!
Metaphysical con’t. • Metaphysical poetry and conceits • Metaphysical conceits often use JARRING comparisons, often using things not really considered to be poetic at all • Ex. “A Valediction:Forbidding Mourning” What does Donne compare love to, and why is this significant?
Poems on your test • Sir Thomas Wyatt – “Whoso List to Hunt” • Petrachan sonnet, a mix of pastoral and carpe diem, however the speaker knows that he cannot • Sir Edmund Spenser – Sonnet 75 • Eternizing conceit • Shakespeare – Sonnet 18, 116, and 130 • All contain the Theme of love; Sonnet 130 is different because it’s sarcastic
Poems on Test, con’t. • Marlowe – “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” • Pastoral in nature; urges his love to be spontaneous and tempts her to come and live with him “and be my love” • Raleigh – “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd” • Mirrors Marlowe’s poem • Directly answers his proposals in his poem, with use of Marlowe’s own phrases
Poems on test, con’t. • Herrick – “To the Virgins, Make Much of Time” • What category does this fall under? *Hint: It is more than one! • Donne - “A Valediction:Forbidding Mourning” • What does Donne compare love to, and why is this significant?
Poems on test, con’t. • Donne – Holy Sonnet 10 • What is the conceit (metaphor) present in this poem? *Death is compared to sleep… but what message does this suggest? • Should Death be feared? Why not?