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Electrical Charge

Understand the fundamentals of electricity, from static to current electricity, including fields, conductors, and charging methods. Learn about the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in circuits, as well as how electricity generates heat and light. Discover the wonders of electrical charge and its impact on our daily lives.

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Electrical Charge

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  1. Electrical Charge Mr. Fleming

  2. Standard 9.2: The electrical force is a universal force that exists between any two charged objects. Draw what electricity means to you!! -Iphone -ZZZZZZ sound -Neon Lights

  3. Expected Performances D4. Explain the relationship among voltage, current and resistance in a simple series circuit. D5. Explain how electricity is used to produce heat and light in incandescent bulbs and heating elements. D6. Describe the relationship between current and magnetism.

  4. Electricity • Electricity: energy due to the movement of electrons through a material. • Protons stay put • Discovered by Ben Franklin.

  5. Two types of electricity • Static electricity: electricity involving a build-up of stationary charges. • Current electricity: electricity involving the flow of e- through a material.

  6. Static Electricity • The accumulation of excess electrical charge on an object. • To create static electricity: • Electrons are transferred between materials • By friction/rubbing causing one material to build up an excess of electrons • Second material ends up with a shortage of electrons.

  7. Static Electricity

  8. Static Electricity - charge= material with excess of electrons + charge= material with shortage of electrons • If the difference in charges becomes large enough the electrons jump from – to + creating a spark (lightning)

  9. Static Electricity Recall • What does electricity represent: • The movement of protons. • The movement of neutrons. • The movement of electrons. • All of the Above

  10. Static Electricity Recall • What causes a spark or lightening to happen? • Two objects that have an equal distribution of positive and negative charges. • Two objects that are only positively charged. • When two objects build-up a difference in charge between each other. • Two objects that are negatively charged.

  11. Static Electricity Demo • Balloons

  12. Law of charges: • Like charges repel, unlike charges attract. “Likes repel. Opposites attract.”

  13. Law of Conservation of Charge • Electrical events simply rearrange the charges move them from one object to another object • Total charge or positive minus negative within universe is 0.

  14. Law of Conservation of Charge

  15. Electric Fields • Charged objects are surrounded by an electrical field that is similar to magnetic fields. • Electrical Field – Area around a charged object where its affects can be noticed.

  16. Electric Fields

  17. Conductors and Insulators • Conductor • A material in which electrons are able to move easily.

  18. Conductors & Insulators • Insulator • A material in which electrons are not able to move freely.

  19. Charging Objects • Static charges are not noticed until something interacts with their field or they move by: • Charging by Contact or Conduction • Rub two material together results in transfer of electrons. • One object has positive charge • One object has negative charge

  20. Charging Objects: Conduction

  21. Charging Objects: Induction • Charging by Induction • The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object. • Caused by presence of other object’s electric field. • Objects DO NOT touch each other.

  22. Charging Objects: Induction

  23. Electrical Charge • Choose TRUE or FALSE 1. T or F. Opposite charges DO NOT attract each other. • False 2. T or F. All charged objects have electrical fields? • True

  24. Electrical Charge Recall 3. An insulator is: A. Good at keeping heat in or out. B. Make it easy for electrons to pass through. C. Make it hard for electrons to pass through. D. Both A & C D. Both A & C

  25. Electrical Charge Recall What is the difference between conduction and induction? A. One involves the movement of protons instead of elections B. One does not change the arrangement of electrons. C. Conduction is the rearrangement of electrons by touch while induction is rearrangement without touch. C. Conduction is the rearrangement of electrons by touch while induction is rearrangement without touch.

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