First line on the top of page 61 Copy the question and answer.

1. First line on the top of page 61 Copy the question and answer. Name 1 item you could not live without. Why?

2. Features in Africa

3. Location Located across Northern Africa Land Cover 30% of Africa Vast, hot, and extremely dry Dotted with oasis-a watering hole Temps. higher than 100° 140° Receives less than 10 inches of rain a year Little to no plant or animal life Life in the Desert Camels are used for transportation People cover as much of their body as possible Guides help people cross the desert since there are few landmarks Deserts must be crossed to travel across the continent Travel in packs so that if one person gets hurt or sick there is help Sahara Desert

4. Sahara • Food • Must be conserved and protected from the sun • Food and water can be replenished at oases

6. Location Between the Sahara desert and savanna Land Harsh, barren grassland Hot temperatures 10 to 20 inches of rain per year Water is scarce Agriculture and fishing are the basis of the economy Life in the Sahel Nomadic people carry their belongings with them as they lead their herds to water and food Homes may be windbreaks made from brush and sticks or tents made from hides or brush over a wooden frame Sahel (semiarid region)

7. Food Millet, rice, peanuts Sometimes for profit Fishing Raise cattle Sahel (semiarid region)

8. Tsetse Fly • Found in the Sahel and savanna areas or Africa • Causes sleeping sickness in humans • fever, headaches, and joint pains. • Causes nagana in animals and is fatal • causing fever, weakness, and lethargy which lead to weight loss and anemia; in some animals the disease is fatal unless treated.

11. Location West and Central Africa, Madagascar Land Cover 8% of Africa 60 inches of rain a year; 2 in. per month 70° to 90°F Dense vegetation Life Wooden homes or temporary huts made out of branches and leaves. Food Small-scale farming Root or tuber crops; manioc, cassava, yams Women gather fruits and nuts; fish Men hunt for monkeys, squirrels, and birds Trade outside the rainforest for grains, vegetables, nuts, and dried fruits from the savanna. Rainforest

12. Location Spreads north and south from the rainforest Covers 2/3 of Africa Land Near the rainforests there are lots of trees Near the deserts few trees One rainy season that lasts 4 to 8 months Dry season all but the strongest trees and bushes die Slow-Moving rivers in the west and long chain rivers in the east Life in the Savanna Most densely populated area of Africa Homes: Each building is a separate room and all the rooms belonging to a family are surrounded by a fence or wall Made of mud walls shaped around wooden poles with a thatched roof Savanna

13. Food Herd livestock: cows, goats, sheep, and camels provide meat, milk, and hides Farm Crops – during and after the rainy season Grains: millet, sorghum, rice, corn, cassava Hunters follow herds of migrating animals Rivers and lakes provide fishing all year Savanna