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Chapter 4

Chapter 4. Latin Prefixes. Part 1. AB-, A-, ABS-: “from,” “away,” “off” AB (“off”) + RUPT (“broken”) = ABRUPT (“broken off”, “sudden”) A (“away”) + VERT (“turn”) = AVERT (“turn away”) ABS (“from”) + TAIN (“hold”) = ABSTAIN (“hold from”; refrain”. 1. Abdicate .

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Latin Prefixes

  2. Part 1 • AB-, A-, ABS-: “from,” “away,” “off” • AB (“off”) + RUPT (“broken”) = ABRUPT (“broken off”, “sudden”) • A (“away”) + VERT (“turn”) = AVERT (“turn away”) • ABS (“from”) + TAIN (“hold”) = ABSTAIN (“hold from”; refrain”

  3. 1. Abdicate Formally remove oneself from; give up; relinquish; renounce; resign

  4. 2. Abduct Carry off or lead away by force; kidnap

  5. 3. Abhor Shrink from; detest; loathe; hate

  6. 4. Abnormal Deviating from the normal; unusual; irregular

  7. 5. Abrasion Scraping or wearing away of the skin by friction; irritation

  8. 6. Abrupt Broken off; sudden; unexpected

  9. 7. Abscond Steal off and hide; depart secretly; flee; escape

  10. 8. Absolve • Set free from some duty or responsibility; exempt; excuse • Ignorance of the law does not absolve a person from obeying it. • Declare free from guilt or blame; exculpate; exonerate • Of the three suspects, two were found guilty, and the third was absolved.

  11. 9. Absorbing • Fully taking away from one’ attention; extremely interesting; engrossing • That was an absorbing book. It held my interest from beginning to end.

  12. 10. Abstain • Withhold oneself deliberately from doing something; refrain; desist • My dentist said I would have fewer cavities if I abstained from sweets.

  13. 11. Averse • (literally, “turned from”) opposed; disinclined; unwilling • I am in favor of the dance, but I am averse to holding it on May 25.

  14. 12. Avert • Turn away; ward off; prevent; forestall • The mayor tried to avert a strike by municipal employees.

  15. 13. Avocation • Occupation away from one’s customary occupation; hobby • My aunt, a pediatrician, composes music as an avocation.

  16. Part 2 • AD-: “to,” “toward,” “near”

  17. 14. Adapt • (literally, “fit to”) adjust; suit; fit • People who work at night have to adapt themselves to sleeping in the daytime. • Make suitable for a different use; modify • Lorraine Hansberry’s hit Broadway play, A Raisin in the Sun, was later adapted for the screen.

  18. 15. Addicted • Given over (to a habit); habituated; devoted • You will not become addicted to smoking if you refuse cigarettes when they are offered.

  19. 16. Adequate • Equal to, or sufficient for, a specific need; enough; sufficient • The student who arrived ten minutes late did not have adequate time to finish the test.

  20. 17. Adherent • One who sticks to a leader, party, etc.; follower; faithful supporter • You can count on Martha’s support in your campaign for reelection. She is one of your most loyal adherents.

  21. 18. Adjacent • Lying near; nearby; neighboring; bordering • The island of Cuba is adjacent to Florida.

  22. 19. Adjoin • Be next to; be in contact with; border; abut • Mexico adjoins the United States.

  23. 20. Adjourn • Put off to another day; suspend a meeting to resume a future time; defer; recess • The judge adjourned the court to the following Monday.

  24. 21. Advent • A “coming to”; arrival; approach • The weather bureau gave adequate warning of the advent of the hurricane.

  25. 22. Adversary • Person “turned toward” or facing another as an opponent; foe; antagonist • Before the contest began, the champion and her adversary shook hands.

  26. 23. Adverse • In opposition to one’s interests; hostile; unfavorable • Because of adverse reviews, the producer announced that the play will close with tonight’s performance.

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