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Overview of High-Performance Vehicles as Naval Platforms

Overview of High-Performance Vehicles as Naval Platforms. Volker Bertram. High-performance Marine Vehicles. Our definition: no simple monohull form weight supported by: hydrostatic buoyancy hydrodynamic lift aerostatic lift aerodynamic lift hybrid

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Overview of High-Performance Vehicles as Naval Platforms

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  1. Overview of High-Performance Vehicles as Naval Platforms Volker Bertram

  2. High-performance Marine Vehicles • Our definition: • no simple monohull form • weight supported by: • hydrostatic buoyancy • hydrodynamic lift • aerostatic lift • aerodynamic lift • hybrid • High-performance usually includes: • usually high speeds • good seakeeping characteristics • enhanced manoeuvrability • reduced signatures

  3. MTG conducted study of HPMVs • SYTKA =System Technology for Future Combatants • compared displacement fast monohull to HPMVs • identifying as potential alternatives • SWATH • high-speed SWATH (HSS) • surface-effect ship (SES) • trimaran

  4. HPMVs investigated in terms of 4 characteristics • Design characteristics: • platform stability • general arrangement (deck area and volume space) • maximum draft • ... • Hydrodynamic characteristics: • range of operating speed • propulsion configuration • speed loss in waves • seakeeping, manoeuvrability • weight and trim sensitivity • ...

  5. HPMVs investigated in terms of 4 characteristics • Structural characteristics: • global strength, local strength • dynamic loads (slamming) • use of advanced materials • complex structures • ... • Other characteristics: • acquisition and operating costs • state of development of the technology • survivability: • detectability or stealth characteristics • vulnerability

  6. Classification follows sustention triangle • almost 100 different • concepts for hybrids • different stages • of development: • preliminary concept • prototypes • in operation

  7. Displacement ships SWATH HSS trimaran wave piercer

  8. Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) • superior seakeeping • large deck area • higher power requirement • weight and trim sensitive • large draft • acquisition and operating costs

  9. Early SWATH demonstrators in USA and Japan “Hibeki“ Japan T-AGOS US Navy

  10. German SWATH development in 2001 Wehrforschungsschiff, TNSW

  11. German SWATH development in 2001 SWATHs for pilots of Abeking+Rasmussen A+R proposed also navy SWATH

  12. German Navy project for mine-hunting SWATHs for Navy Applications Cooperation: Luerssen Shipyard, A+R

  13. SWATH “Sea Shadow” stealth technology demonstrator source: http://www.fas.org

  14. SWATH SLICE Lower resistance through wave system interaction source: Lockheed Martin

  15. High Speed SWATH (HSS) GTS Stena Explorer MTG HSS design Stern planing catamaran SWATH bow section source: http://192.49.188.22

  16. Trimarans allow high speeds Record-breaking “Adventurer” Artist vision Reality

  17. UK Navy: Trimaran demonstrator Trimaran Demonstrator “Triton” • low power at high speed • reduced operating costs • better damage stability • good seakeeping • large deck area • efficient payload layout • good survivability • ? source: http://www.trimaran.dera.gov.uk

  18. Trimarans investigated by several navies Concept study of MTG

  19. Wave Piercer Incat 045, HMAS “Jervis Bay” Incat HSV-X1 “Joint Venture” source: http://www.incat.com.au

  20. Wave Piercer Incat HSV-X1 “Joint Venture”(US Army) 500 fully equipped troops 40+ knots up to 1000 nm

  21. Wave Piercer Paragon Mann: VSV Wave Piercer Patrol boat source: http://www.halmatic.co.uk

  22. Wave Piercer Projects Stealth designDD 21 project Stealth design“Sea Wraith” MTG Frigate source: http://www.dd21.goldteam.com

  23. Fast Monohull Only civilian applications built source: Blohm&Voss

  24. Hydrofoils

  25. Fully Submerged Hydrofoils (FSH) Surface Piercing Hydrofoils (SPH) Canadian Bras d‘Or Russian Mukha class PHM (Boeing) • high cruising speed • improved seakeeping • limited payload capability • large draft photo: Ehlers

  26. Air-Cushion Vehicles

  27. very high speed • low vulnerability to • underwater explosions • small draft and underwater signature • amphibious capability • affected by wind • trim sensitivity • high acquisition cost • high maintenance cost source: http://www.tmls.textron.com

  28. USA employs ACV as LCAC (Landing Craft Air Cushion)

  29. Russian LCAC Pomornik class Largest ACV worldwide 150t payload, 63 knots Russian LCAC Aist Class 70 knots photos: Ehlers

  30. ACVs suitable for operation in ice Finnish ACV “Tuuli”delivered in 2002 photos: Ehlers

  31. SES (Surface Effect Ships)

  32. Air Cushion Catamarans (SES) • No surface effect involved • operate at high speeds (> 40 knots) • reduced underwater signature • improved shock resistance • good platform stability • shallow draft and large deck area • speed loss in head seas • loss of amphibious capability • high acquisition and maintenance costs

  33. Various SES built and operated by navies Oksøy class minehunter (NO) AGNES 200 (FR) “Bora“ missile corvette (RU)

  34. Stealth SES built in Scandinavia Skjöld class patrol boat (NO) “Smyge“ (SE)

  35. SES Demonstrator “Corsair” MEKAT concept allows modular conversion Blohm&Voss

  36. Hybrid Hydrofoils Hysucat HYSWAS

  37. HYSWAS = Hydrofoil small waterplane area ship + extended range + good seakeeping • high cost • payload critical Foil contribute 30-70% lift

  38. German Concept study never realized Design study for fast ferry by Bremer Vulkan photos: EMIT

  39. Japanese built prototype TSL-F

  40. Navy HYSWAS projected US Projects ranging from patrol boat to 2400t frigate

  41. HYSWAS demonstrator: “Quest” Tested 1995, US Navy

  42. Hysucat: Hydrofoil-supported catamaran South-African development, Tandem foil arrangement + good seakeeping + low resistance – foil tailored to design condition

  43. Sustention Pyramid

  44. Wing-in-Ground(WIG) = Ekranoplans • very high cruising speeds • good transport efficiency (vs aeroplanes) • no airports needed • safety concerns • low payload • take-off requires high power Source: jpcolliat.free.fr/ekra/ekraA.html

  45. Russian Navy used Ekranoplans “Caspian Sea Monster” 550t weight (>747-400) 500 km/h Source: jpcolliat.free.fr/ekra/ekraA.html

  46. Russian Navy used Ekranoplans “Lun” (missile launcher) 400t weight, 450 km/h Source: jpcolliat.free.fr/ekra/ekraA.html

  47. Russian Navy used Ekranoplans “Orlyonok” (troop transporter) 110t weight, 400 km/h Source: jpcolliat.free.fr/ekra/ekraA.html

  48. US Navy has studied WIGs as transporters

  49. German Wing-in-Ground(WIG) Flightship Hoverwing

  50. Many more concepts exist... • Deep-V monohull • Planing hulls • Semi-planing hulls • Weinblume (staggered hull cataramans) • ...

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