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The Great Triumvirate

The Great Triumvirate. Clay, Calhoun, & Webster. The Great Triumvirate. Henry Clay. John C Calhoun. Between 1812 and 1850 had more impact on American government than any three politicians in American history . none were ever elected president

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The Great Triumvirate

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  1. The Great Triumvirate Clay, Calhoun, & Webster

  2. The Great Triumvirate Henry Clay John C Calhoun • Between 1812 and 1850 had more impact on American government than any three politicians in American history. • none were ever elected president • they left a lasting legacy on American politics • more presidents of their day could match. Daniel Webster

  3. Henry Clay • Born 1777 in Hanover County, Virginia • Studied law in Richmond • Joined the Bar in 1797 and moved to Lexington, Kentucky

  4. Clay’s Political Career • Nov 1806 – March 1807 • appointed to U.S Senate to fill an unexpired term, even though he was not the required age of 30. • Jan 1810 - March 1811 • Filled another unexpired term in Senate from • March 1811 – Jan 1814 • served as Speaker of the House • Commissioner to negotiate treaty to end War of 1812

  5. Clay’s Political Career • March 1815 – March 1825 • served as Speaker of the House • created the American System and the Missouri Compromise • 1825 - 1829 • Secretary of State for J.Q. Adams • 1831 – 1842 • U.S. Senate • created the compromise tariff to end the Nullification Crisis • 1849 – 1852 • U.S. Senate • created the Compromise of 1850

  6. Clay for President • Election of 1824 • Democratic-Republican • places 4th • but helps decide the election as Speaker of the House • Election of 1832 • Whig • against Jackson • supports the Bank, loses • Election of 1844 • Whig • against James K. Polk, • does not support the annexation of Texas, loses

  7. “I’d rather be right than president” - Henry Clay

  8. The Great Compromiser

  9. John C. Calhoun • Born in 1782 in Abbeville, South Carolina • Graduated from Yale • Became a lawyer

  10. Calhoun’s Political Career • 1811 – Nov. 1817 • House member • 1817-1825 • Secretary of War for James Monroe • 1825 – 1829 • Vice-President for J.Q. Adams • 1829 – 1832 • Vice-President for Jackson • issues Doctrine of Nullification, resigns in Dec 1832

  11. Calhoun’s Political Career • 1832 – 1843 • U.S. Senate from South Carolina • 1844 – 1845 • Secretary of State for Tyler • 1845 – 1850 • U.S. Senate • Compromise of 1850 • argued to support slavery and the rights of slave holders in the debates over the, dies before the final votes on the parts of the Compromise make it law.

  12. “In looking back, I see nothing to regret and little to correct.” - John C. Calhoun

  13. Champion of State’ Rights

  14. Daniel Webster • 1782 born in Salisbury, New Hampshire • Graduated from Dartmouth College • Admitted to the Bar in 1805

  15. Webster’s Political Career • 1813 – 1817 • Represented New Hampshire in the U.S. House • 1816 • Moved to Boston, Massachusetts to pursue his legal career • 1823 – 1827 • Represented Massachusetts in the U.S. House • 1827 – 1841 • Represents Mass. in the Senate • spoke against nullification in the Webster-Hayne Debates • 1836 • Runs for president as a Whig, loses to Van Buren

  16. Webster’s Political Career • 1841 – 1843 • Secretary of State for W.H. Harrison then Tyler, • Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842, settled the boundary between Maine and Canada • 1845 – 1850 • Senate • supported the Compromise of 1850 against the wishes of his supporters • 1850 – 1852 • Secretary of State for Fillmore • Known as one of the best orators of his day, school children memorized parts of his speeches for generations

  17. Webster and the Supreme Court • Argued 171 cases before the U.S. Supreme Court • People packed the courtroom to hear him when he was arguing a case • Dartmouth College v. Woodward • made contracts more secure • McCulloch v. Maryland • defended the Bank of the U.S. and won • Gibbons v. Ogden • defended Gibbons and supported the idea that transportation is part of commerce

  18. Defender of the Union

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