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10:00-10:45 AM Tuesday, 28 November 2006 Landsat Calibration Working Group (LCWG) Meeting

Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Instrument-Based Stability/Calibration for Level-OR Characterization & Correction. The Art and Precision of ETM+ Radiometry 2. Mission Operations Center (MOC) and Payload Correction Data (PCD) Telemetry.

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10:00-10:45 AM Tuesday, 28 November 2006 Landsat Calibration Working Group (LCWG) Meeting

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  1. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Instrument-Based Stability/Calibrationfor Level-OR Characterization & Correction The Art and Precision of ETM+ Radiometry 2. Mission Operations Center (MOC) and Payload Correction Data (PCD) Telemetry 10:00-10:45 AM Tuesday, 28 November 2006 Landsat Calibration Working Group (LCWG) Meeting At NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC, Bldg 33, Rm A128) Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA by John L. Barker, Ph. D. Landsat Associate Project Scientist, John.L.Barker@nasa.gov, 301-614-6610 LPSO:Land Cover Satellite Project Science Office, NASA/GSFC/614.4 Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA and David Landis SSAI, David.R.Landis.1@gsfc.nasa.gov, 301-614-6605 LPSO:Land Cover Satellite Project Science Office, NASA/GSFC/614.4 Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA Jeff Miller RSIS, Jeffrey.A.Miller.1@gsfc.nasa.gov, 301-614-6611 Instrumentation Science Branch, NASA/GSFC/614.6 Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA Jennifer Sun SSAI, Jennifer.B.Sun@gsfc.nasa.gov, 301-614-6618 LPSO:Land Cover Satellite Project Science Office, NASA/GSFC/614.4 Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA John Barker: 1) 2)

  2. Agenda of Workshop on The Art and Precision ofLandsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry • 9:00 1. Approach to On-Board Characterization of ETM+ • 10:00 2. Landsat-7 ETM+ MOC and PCD Telemetry • 11:00 3. IAS-Based IC Lamp Characterization • 12:00 Lunch • 13:30 4. Path-Processing (PP) of ETM+ Background • 14:30 5. PP-Based IC Lamp Characterization John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  3. Thanks for Multi-Year SupportTalk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry Mission Operation Center (MOC) Delta-I imaging collects & on-line telemetry access USGS EDC Image Assessment System (IAS) Creating , filling and maintaining the Landsat-7 IAS Oricle Database LPSO Contract personnel Jennifer Sun, Jeff Miller and Dave Landis NASA support for LPSO Analysis, modeling & algorithm development Landsat Project Scientist Recognizing need for team & continuity John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  4. Outline of Talk 2. MOC & PCD TelemetryThe Art & Precision of ETM+ Radiometry Pictures of ETM+ Why instrument-based telemetry? Telemetry sensors on ETM+ Internal Calibrator (IC) Lamp Currents Controlled Temperatures Monitoring Temperatures Embedded Payload Corrrection Data (PCD) Narrow-Band Mission Operation Center (MOC) Data Scene & path-processing instrument-based approaches John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  5. Radiometric Factors RequiringETM+ Telemetry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry On-board thermal band (Band-6) calibration Control and Monitor temperatures for Black Body Model temperatures of instrument Within-collect IC lamp equilibration of current Lamp-1 & 2 take 10 minutes to equilbrate to 0.1% Between-date IC lamp normalization of current Lamp-1 current continues to decrease with time Apparent IC pulse variation with temperature John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  6. Factors Affecting Precision of ETM+ Telemetry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry On-board sensor telemetry 8-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) converters range of calibrated minimum and maximum sampled at 1, 4 or 16 samples/second noise Embedded wide-band payload-correction-data (PCD) data usually 4X subsampling of sensor rate usually single scene-centered value in IAS Database Narrow-band Mission Operation Center (MOC) data receives maximum sampling rate of sensor Landsat Project Science Office (LPSO) MOC processing smoothing and fitting precision John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  7. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry IAS PCD Lamp-1 Current is not constant I_L1 in mAmp

  8. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry Controlled TCFP in K

  9. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry SLC_On SLC_Off TSLC in °C

  10. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TPFP in °C

  11. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TSH in °C

  12. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TBSH in °C

  13. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TLC in °C

  14. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry THC in °C

  15. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TMUXE in °C

  16. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TMUXP in °C

  17. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry TB8 in °C

  18. Fit to IC Lamp-1 Current for ∆I7f1Part 1 of 4 Exponential fit of MOC Lamp-1 current 2005OCT5 SLC_Off Quantization noise only Fit Standard Error ± 0.007 mAmp

  19. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry Lamp-1 IC Current TrendPayload Correction Data (PCD), t_on > 10’

  20. Lamp-1 Smoothed and Fitted PCD Current Trend (t_on > 10’) Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry John Barker: 1) 2)

  21. MOC Lamp-1 Trend rms = ±0.014 mAmp

  22. MOC Lamp-1 Trend Ieq (A1) constant -0.575 mAmp

  23. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry John Barker: 1) 2) MOC Lamp-1 Trend Half-Lifes = 0.95-1.07 minutes

  24. Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry PCD Lamp-2 Current Constant Lamp-2 Quantization Step 0.026 mAmp/DN Quantization SD ~ ± 0.01 mAmps PCD scene-average rms ~ ± 0.03 mAmps PCD Lamp-2 Range = 93.11 to 93.23 mAmp John Barker: 1) 2)

  25. Exponential fit of MOC Lamp-2 current 2002NOV14 SLC_On Noise dominates Quantization Fit Standard Error ± 0.028 mAmp

  26. Exponential fit of MOC Lamp-2 current 2003JUL29 SLC_Off Quantization noise only Fit Standard Error ± 0.010 mAmp

  27. Landsat-7 ETM+ Lamp-2 Equilibration Current A0 Trend from MOC Telemetry Fits MOC Lamp-2 Range = 93.211 to 93.239 mAmp Lamp-2 Current Constant Lamp-2 Quantization Step 0.026 mAmp/DN Quantization SD ~ ± 0.01 mAmps MOC Fit rms ~ ± 0.007 mAmps

  28. Landsat-7 ETM+ Lamp-2 Equilibration Current A1 Trend from MOC Telemetry Fits MOC Lamp-2 Ieq (A1) = 0.466 to 0.511 mAmp

  29. Landsat-7 ETM+ Lamp-2 Equilibration Current T_1/2 Trend from MOC Telemetry Fits MOC Lamp-2 Half-Lifes = 0.82 - 0.99 minutes

  30. TPFP Uncorrected for 4 DN Noise 2002NOV14 SLC_On

  31. TPFP Corrected for 4 DN Noise 2002NOV14 SLC_On Fit SE ± 0.006 °C

  32. TPFP Corrected for 4 DN Noise 2003JUL29 SLC_Off Fit SE ± 0.007 °C

  33. Exponential fit of Smoothed THC 2002NOV14 SLC_On Quantization noise only Fit Standard Error ± 0.031 °C

  34. Exponential fit of Smoothed THC 2003JUL29 SLC_Off Quantization noise only Fit Standard Error ± 0.028 °C

  35. Operational RecommendationsTalk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry For variables used in a quantitative manner for populating the IAS radiometric database Use MOC instead of PCD telemetry Use smoothing and fitting equations John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  36. Research Recommendations Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry For variables of potential value in modeling ETM+ radiometric performance, Monitor binary (on/off) telemetry Develop smoothing and fitting equations for analog variables John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  37. Telemetry on Future Imagers Talk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry Place temperatures monitors required for health and safety in positions to allow for optimum on-board modeling of system performance. Use triply redundant monitoring for any telemetry required for quantitative calibration. Use 12- or 16-bit transmission of telemetry Place heaters required for health and safety of the instrument in places that allow for on-orbit temperature sensitivity measurements. John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  38. Lessons Learned About TelemetryTalk 2. MOC & PCD Telemetry Transparency is needed at all levels of management There is no substitute for co-operative relationships during the design, testing and on-orbit operational phases between engineers responsible for the instrument and scientists responsible for the on-going operational characterization and calibration of its imagery. Continuity of funding of scientific personnel is essential Only the scientific users can be counted on to maintain the multi-decade expertize and interest in designing, characterizing and calibrating current and future satellite remote sensing imagers. John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

  39. Agenda of Workshop on The Art and Precision ofLandsat-7 ETM+ Radiometry • 9:00 1. Approach to On-Board Characterization of ETM+ • 10:00 2. Landsat-7 ETM+ MOC and PCD Telemetry • 11:00 3. IAS-Based IC Lamp Characterization • 12:00 Lunch • 13:30 4. Path-Processing (PP) of ETM+ Background • 14:30 5. PP-Based IC Lamp Characterization John Barker: 1) IC trend is relatively linear/stable after 2.6 y, after 4.2y 2) Principle components, graying of all bands, internal IC optics ( Dichroics or ND filters) needs to be done to agree to Lamp-2 3_need sensitivity curves on orbit

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