Work Culture

1. Work Culture

2. Question • “All men [and women] were created equal.” (American Constitution) • But American society has: • bosses and workers • teachers and students • political leaders • How can Americans believe in equality?

3. General Manager Department Manager Department Manager Worker Worker Worker Worker Company structure Hierachy Different social status? Or just different jobs?

4. Managers America: • Managers do not deserve any special benefits. • Example: if the company gives her a car (for work purposes), it should be an average one. China: • The manager’s car is a status symbol.

5. Power distance Power: higher positions in the hierarchy have more power. Social distance: respect, formality, etc

6. Large power distance Small power distance (China, Arab countries, France) (America, Australia, Germany) Hierarchies are natural, because people are considered basically unequal. Hierarchies are just a convenient way of organising activities. Workers usually don’t criticise the boss. Workers are more likely to give the boss criticism or advice. The boss gives specific instructions to workers. The boss gives the workers general goals or guidelines. Only the boss makes decisions. Everyone should use their initiative and deal with unexpected situations.

7. Zhang Ying: • often writes reports for her boss • decides who to give appointments to • tells her boss about important events he should know about • (her boss often has to go away to attend meetings) • Dai Yun: • (her boss schedules his own appointments) • her boss gives her instructions day by day • she passes on messages and questions to her boss • Lu Yan: • (at first, no one knew how to handle international marketing) • helped her boss by using knowledge learnt in university • feels that her boss and her are like colleagues