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Pear Scab: Venturia pirina

Project leader: W. Douglas Gubler Cooperating personnel: Janet Hanstad, Post Doctoral Researcher Rachel Elkins, UCCE Chuck Ingles, UCCE.

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Pear Scab: Venturia pirina

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  1. Project leader: W. Douglas GublerCooperating personnel: Janet Hanstad, Post Doctoral ResearcherRachel Elkins, UCCE Chuck Ingles, UCCE Detection of fungicide resistance in populations of Venturiapirinain California pear orchardsIdentification and control of pear canker diseases in California

  2. Pear Scab: Venturiapirina

  3. VenturiapirinaDisease Cycle

  4. OBJECTIVE 1: Fungicide Resistance: Determine fungicide resistance in Venturiapirinapopulations.

  5. Procedure • Isolates of Venturiapirina were collected in 2012. • The isolates were sub-cultured on PDA-tet and fungicide EC50’s determinedusing Autoplate400. • A solution of 50ppm of fungicide was spiral plated onto 150mm agar plate. • The plate was radially streaked with a conidial suspension of isolates. • After one week, EC 50 values are measured.

  6. EC 50 Values • EC 50 is determined by the point on the plate where the fungal growth is inhibited 50% by the fungicide.

  7. Fungicides Tested • Actinovate (Streptomyceslydicus) • Companion (Bacillus subtilis) • Flint (trifloxystrobin) • Fontellis (penthiopyrad) • Luna Experience (fluopyram) • Manzate (zinc, manganese and ethylenebisdithiocarbamate) • Phyton 27 Ag (copper sulphatepentahydrate) • Procure (triflumizole) • Serenade Max (Bacillus subitlis) • Syllit (dodine) • Vintage (fenarimol) • Topguard (flutriafol) • Yucca Ag Aide (steroid saponins)

  8. Results 2012 Autoplate 400 Spiral Gradient Experiment Results

  9. Resistance Results • Pear scab resistance was seen to Flint, and fungicide inactivity or possible resistance was shown to Manzate, Luna Experience, Phyton 27 Ag and Topguard. • The most effective fungicides against Venturiapirinawere Syllit, Fontellis, Companion and Serenade Max.

  10. 2012 Autoplate 400 Spiral Gradient Experiment Results

  11. 2012 Autoplate 400 Spiral Gradient Experiment Results

  12. OBJECTIVE 1. Pear Canker: Determine the geographical distribution and incidence of Botryosphaeria spp. and Eutypa lata in pear cankers in Northern California.

  13. Pear Canker Lifecycle

  14. Procedure • Pear orchards in Mendocino and Lake counties were visited and fungi were isolated from branches showing dieback and disease symptoms. • Spore trapping studies were conducted in different orchards in Mendocino County with severe canker disease problems.

  15. Results Several pathogenic fungi were recovered from cankers in stems and branches of Bartlett pears. Botryosphaeriaobtusa, B. dothidea, B. iberica, Eutypalata, Potebniamycespyri, Cytosporaaustromontana, Phaeoacromoniumspp., Sphaeropsissapina, Diplodiaseriata, Cryptosporiopsis sp., Bionectria sp., and Leucostomapersoonii.

  16. Spore Trapping in Pear Orchards Spore traps have shown the presence of the following pathogens and 2obasidiomycetes: Sphaeropsissapinea Phaeoacremoniumrubrigenum Botryosphaeriaobtusa Cryptovalsaampelina EutypalataTrametesversicolor Stereum species Ganodermalobatum.

  17. OBJECTIVE 2. Identification and characterization of Botryosphaeria spp. associated with pear dieback in California.

  18. Results • Botryosphaeriaobtusa • Botryosphaeriadothidea • Botryosphaeriaiberica

  19. OBJECTIVE 3. Determine the pathogenicity and symptoms of Botryosphaeria and Eutypalata associated with pear canker disease.

  20. Results

  21. OBJECTIVE 4. Develop and implement control methods against fungi involved in pear dieback and decline.

  22. Control Fungi : Botryosphaeriadothidea, Botryosphaeriaiberica, Sphaeropsissapinae, Cryptosporopsis species, and Botryosphaeriaobtusa Fungicides tested: Vitiseal(1:10 dilution), Mertect, Orbit, Rally+TopsinM+Vitiseal (1:10 dilution), Rally+TopsinM, Scholar, Luna Experience.

  23. Results

  24. Thank you!!

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