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Anorexia. +. Leptin. Neuropeptides (CRH, α - MSH, CART). +. Cytokines (TNF- α ), IL-6, IL-1, IFN- γ , CNTF,LIF. +. +. Gastrointestinal peptides ( ghrelin , glucagon, somatostatin , cholecystokinin ). -. Hypoglycemia, Insulin Suppression.
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+ Leptin Neuropeptides (CRH, α-MSH, CART) + Cytokines (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-1, IFN-γ, CNTF,LIF + + Gastrointestinal peptides (ghrelin, glucagon, somatostatin, cholecystokinin) - Hypoglycemia, Insulin Suppression
Leptin is produced by adipose tissue, plays a central role in long-term maintenance of weight homeostasis by acting on hypothalamus to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure. • In addition to anorexia, cytokines may also stimulate fever.