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Bones and Joints. AS Level Anatomy and Physiology. Lesson Outcomes. By the end of today’s lesson you will know: The position of the major bones of the skeleton The classification of joints The 2 main parts of the skeleton. Bones. There are 206 bones in the human body
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Bones and Joints AS Level Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson Outcomes By the end of today’s lesson you will know: • The positionof the major bones of the skeleton • The classification of joints • The 2 main partsof the skeleton
Bones • There are 206 bones in the human body • You are LUCKY and only need to know the MAJOR bones (about 27!) TASK Complete the missing bones on the paper provided
Bones Worksheet Sca… Ste… Ver… Ul… Pha… Ta… Cla… Car… Hu… Scapula Sternum Vertebrae Ulna Phalanges Talus Clavicle Carpals Humerus Fe… Ra… Fib… Tar… Pha… Pat… Coc… Sa… Tib.. Femur Radius Fibula Tarsals Phalanges Patella Coccyx Sacrum Tibia
Bones Worksheet Answers • 1 Cranium • 2 Transverse Process • 3 Scapula • 4 Rib • 5 Humerus • 6 Ulna • 7 Carpals • 8 Metacarpals • 9 Phalanges • 10 Tibia • 11 Fibula • 12 Tarsals • 13 Metatarsals • 14 Phalanges • 15 Patella • 16 Femur • 17 Ischium • 18 Coccyx • 19 Sacrum • 20 Ilium • 21 Vertebrae • 22 Sternum • 23 Clavicle • 24 Mandible • 25 Calcaneous • 26 Talus • 27 Radius
Joints Definition: “A point in the body where two bones meet (articulate)” Function: allows the skeleton to move (with the help of muscles!) Muscles act to cause movement at joints, without them we would be STATIC
Classification of Joints 3 types in the body: 1. Fibrous Joints: no movement possible between bones e.g. Skull, Pelvis
Classification of Joints 2. Cartilaginous Joints: cushion of cartilage allows onlyslight movement between bones e.g. Ribs, Vertebral Column
Classification of Joints 3. Synovial Joints: freely moveable joints of the body e.g. Hip, Knee, Ankle Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Thumb
Important Structures • What are they? Bands of tough, slightly elastic connective tissue Connect one bone to another Help prevent dislocation Ligament ?
Important Structures • What are they? Very strong connective tissue Connect muscle to bone A way to remember them is that we eat them! Tendon ?
Task 1. Split the bones of the body into 2 groups – those that make up: • Appendicular skeleton • Axial skeleton 2. Create your own definition to describe the axial and appendicular skeleton to help you remember what they are.
Homework Exam Question (June 2005) Identify TWO structures of the hip joint and describe the role of each structure during physical performance. Structure: Role:
