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Older Driver and Occupant Safety

Older Driver and Occupant Safety. Gerald McGwin, Jr., M.S., Ph.D. Departments of Epidemiology, Ophthalmology and Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham. Crash Rate Decomposition. SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002. Crash Rate Decomposition. SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002.

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Older Driver and Occupant Safety

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  1. Older Driver and Occupant Safety Gerald McGwin, Jr., M.S., Ph.D. Departments of Epidemiology, Ophthalmology and Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham

  2. Crash Rate Decomposition SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002

  3. Crash Rate Decomposition SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002

  4. Prevention Efforts • Interventions tend to focus on primary prevention.

  5. Crash Rate Decomposition SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002

  6. Mean Daily Minutes and Miles Spent Driving by Driver Age National Household Travel Survey, 2001 U.S. Department of Transportation

  7. Prevention Efforts • Interventions tend to focus on primary prevention. • These interventions either demonstrate small, significant effects, lack evaluation or have not impacted crash involvement. • Studies evaluating secondary and tertiary prevention rare

  8. Crash Rate Decomposition SOURCE: Dellinger AM, et al. AJE; 2002

  9. Older Driver “Fragility” Opportunities for Reducing Fatalities

  10. Older Driver Fragility Increased Susceptibility to Injury

  11. Older Driver Fragility Who is at Risk?

  12. Older Driver Fragility Secondary Prevention Opportunities

  13. Older Occupant Protection • Seat belts are most effective means of reducing risk of injury and fatality from MVCs. • Some research suggests that seat belts may be less effective among older drivers. • Air bags have been shown to offer trivial benefits in preventing injury and death. • They can be harmful to small children; whether they provide equivalent protection for adults of all ages, however, has not been addressed.

  14. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Severe Injury and Seat Belt Use According to Age phomogeneity=0.15 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  15. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Moderate Injury and Seat Belt Use According to Age phomogeneity=0.23 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  16. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Minor Injury and Seat Belt Use According to Age phomogeneity=0.26 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  17. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Severe Injury and Air Bag Deployment According to Age phomogeneity=0.40 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  18. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Moderate Injury and Air Bag Deployment According to Age phomogeneity=0.61 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  19. Risk Ratios* and 95% Confidence Intervals for Association Between Minor Injury and Air Bag Deployment According to Age phomogeneity=0.004 *Adjusted for age, gender, delta-v, curb weight, seating position, air bag deployment

  20. Older Driver Fragility Long Term Consequences

  21. Summary • Increased susceptibility to injury/death among older drivers underscores need for primary prevention efforts. • Reduced effectiveness of air bags for older drivers suggests the need for restraint systems tailored towards aging population.

  22. Older Driver and Occupant Safety Gerald McGwin, Jr., M.S., Ph.D. Departments of Epidemiology, Ophthalmology and Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham

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