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Role and importance of Distributive Trade Statistics Workshop for African countries on the Implementation of International Recommendations for Distributive Trade Statistics 27-30 May 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. UNITED NATIONS STATISTICS DIVISION Trade Statistics Branch
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Role and importance of Distributive Trade Statistics Workshop for African countries on the Implementation of International Recommendations for Distributive Trade Statistics27-30 May 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia UNITED NATIONS STATISTICS DIVISION Trade Statistics Branch Distributive Trade Statistics Section
Role and Importance of Distributive Trade (1) • Contribution of service activities, incl. DT, in terms of VA and employment is steadily increasing • DT ensures the principal link between the producer and the end consumer • DT plays a major role in price formation • Demand for internationally comparable data on detailed (structural) and short-term DTS is increasing even more
Role and Importance of Distributive Trade (2) • Organization of trade has evolved a lot and statistics need to reflect the new tendencies • Structure and performance of DT vary widely from one country to another • Common features - large number of units and relatively high births and deaths rates • Informal sector units - typical for developing countries; complicate statistical observation
Trends in Distributive Trade (1) • Increasing concentration • Companies need to be large to compete and achieve economies of scale and scope • Concentration first at the domestic market, then abroad • Formation of joint purchasing groups • Food retailers are signing agreements with major food producers to more effectively compete with others – franchising, retail chains etc. • Expansion of E-commerce • Strong growth of both B2B and B2C e-commerce worldwide
Trends in Distributive Trade (2) • Frequent vertical integration of the wholesale and retail trades, with growing sales of own-brand products • Traditional distinction between wholesale and retail distribution is becoming increasingly difficult to make • Manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers, which were traditionally independent now increasingly co-operate • Increasing internationalisation • DT provides a link between producers and buyers operating on the global markets as importers and exporters
Challenges of compiling DTS (1) • Need of integrated approach to compilation of DTS at national level • Ensures coherence between: • Annual and short-term DTS • Data derived from different data sources • DTS and statistics for other economic activities • DTS and NA • Ensures consistency of concepts definitions and terminology • Ensures uniformity in international reporting
Challenges of compiling DTS (2) • Comparable data on value added and employment in distributive trade is hardly available at the international level • Different methodologies used by countries for compiling DTS • Different classifications • Different statistical units from which data are collected • NA is the only source used for analysing distributive trade sector
More about distributive trade in Africa • Contribution of section G of ISIC to GDP • Stable tendency for the last 5-6 years – 12,5% on average (without 2006) • Highest contribution – Mozambique (23%) • Countries above the average – Senegal (17%), Egypt (14%), Zambia (18-19%) • Lowest contribution – Swaziland (5%) • The scope of section G in previous versions of ISIC is different from ISIC, Rev.4 recommended in IRDTS 2008 • ISIC, Rev. 3.1 includes repair of personal and household goods • ISIC, Rev.2 includes hotels and restaurants
Users of DTS (1) • Compilers of national accounts • Measuring the trade output and valued added • Compilation of supply and use tables and input-output tables • Trade margins by commodity and by industry • Combination and reconciliation of DTS with data from household expenditure surveys and production statistics • Estimation of households final consumption expenditures on the basis of retail trade sales by commodity groups • Compilation of quarterly national accounts using short-term indicators of distributive trade • Compilation of monthly or quarterly index of services production
Users of DTS (2) • Policy makers • Assessment of short and long-term movements in DT sector and in a country’s economy as a whole • Rationalization of economic policies, including monetary policy • Sub-national (regional/provincial) analysis • Formulation of international policy • Business community • Assessment and forecasting of the dynamics of the wholesale and retail trade markets • Evaluation of performance and competitiveness of various sub-sectors of distributive trade both nationally and internationally • Researchers • Economic analysis and studies • Monitoring of economic trends and developing forecasts • Market research for the sales of particular group of products etc. • General public • Evaluation of economic conditions, employment and income perspectives in order to make more informed decisions
UNSD work programme in the area of DTS • Preparation of two follow up manuals providing practical guidance on the IRDTS 2008 implementation • Distributive Trade Statistics: Compilers Manual • Indices of Distributive Trade: A Handbook of Good Practices • Collection of DTS data and metadata • Design of a pilot version of DTS database