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Airship Operation for Tourism in Uttaranchal

This case study explores the principles and operation of airships for tourism in the state of Uttaranchal, India. It covers topics such as airship design, infrastructure, cost-benefit analysis, and the tourism industry in Uttaranchal. The study also highlights the various applications of airships in tourism, including advertisement and promotion.

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Airship Operation for Tourism in Uttaranchal

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  1. A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism in Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal Case

  2. A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal Presentation Topics • Airship Principles & OperationPG Jayan • Airship Design Principles & StandardsMR Shankar • Infrastructure for Airship OperationVC Bhaskar • Tourism in UttaranchalPG Pramod • Char Dham YatraD Henry • Cost Benefit AnalysisVE Jayakrishnan A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal A Case Study on Airship Operation for Tourism Uttaranchal Case

  3. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  4. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation What is an Airship ? • lighter-than-air vehicle • powered • controlled flight path

  5. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship History • 1783 : First Hot air balloon flight Montgolfier Brothers • 1884 : The La France built by Bernard and Krebs is the first airship. • 1928 : Graf Zeppelin - Most successful airship • 1937 : Hindenberg disaster • 1985 : Revival Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  6. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Types of Airships • Rigid • Non-Rigid • Semi-Rigid • Thermal Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  7. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Rigid Airships • Internal structure made of Al.Alloy/Composites. • Largest size. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  8. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Non-Rigid Airships • Known as Blimps • No internal frames. • Shape maintained by Internal over-pressure. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  9. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Semi-Rigid Airships Rigid at the bottom and flexible at the top Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  10. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Thermal Airships • Uses hot air instead of helium as lifting gas. • Requires more volume since the buoyancy of hot air is much less than helium. • More economical for operation. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  11. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship - Applications • Advertisement & Promotion • Tourism • Military Applications • Civil Applications Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  12. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Tourism & Promotion Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  13. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Military Applications • Command,Control and Communication Platform • Precisely Locate Friendly and Enemy Forces • Detect Targets on an Extended Battlefield • Mine marking. • Navigation Assistance • Battle Management • Monitor Radio Conversations • Identify and Catalog Signals and Sources Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  14. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Civil Applications • Cargo transport • Aerial Photographic Survey • Forest Management • Wildlife Studies • Fire Spotting • Soil Survey • Pollution Monitoring • Traffic Monitoring • Resource Explorations • Hydro-geology Surveys • Urban Planning • Fish Tracking • Hazard and Disaster Monitoring Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  15. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Commercial Operation i p C o u n t r y C o m p a n y A r s h i A p p l i c a t i o n t y p e A m e r i c a n N o n - T o u r i s t U S A b l i m p , r i g i d A d v e r t i s e m e n t s k y s h i p U K A d v a n c e d N o n - T o u r i s t T e c h n o l o g y r i g i d A d v e r t i s e m e n t G r o u p R o s Ae r o N o n - T o u r i s t a R u s s i s y s t e m s r i g i d A d v e r t i s e m e n t Z e p p e l i n S e m i - T o u r i s t G e r m a n y r i g i d C a r g o i S o u t h H a m i l t o n R i g i d T o u r i s t A f r i c a C a r g o Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  16. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Principle of Operation Pressure Height Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  17. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Components of Airship Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  18. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Flight Deck Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  19. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Gondola Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  20. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Passenger Compartment Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  21. Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation Airship Principles and Operation

  22. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  23. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Aerostatic lift Thrust Drag Payload The Four Forces Helium Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  24. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Buoyancy & lift • Airship derives its lift from principles of buoyancy Buoyancy A body immersed (wholly or partially) in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid that it displaces. Classification of lift Static lift Dynamic lift Powered static lift Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  25. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Buoyancy & lift Dynamic lift • A lifting force may be developed to support the weight of the body by shaping the body, or a portion of the body, as a lift producing foil (like the wing of aircraft) • Contribution to total lift is very less in airship Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  26. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Buoyancy & lift Powered static lift • Method of internal powering for the static lift • Vertical jet exhaust, or a propeller • with a vertical down flow • Contribution to total lift to some extent Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  27. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Buoyancy & lift Static lift • Main lift generator • Buoyant force is generated by the displacement of a portion of the supporting medium by the body. Flift = ( air - He ) g VHe Where Flift is lift,  is density, g is acceleration due to gravity & VHe is instantaneous volume of Helium Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  28. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Static lift • Temperature and pressure affect the static lift generated • As airship ascends due to drop in atmospheric pressure, the lifting gas expands. Air in ballonets is released to make way • Due to heating (sunlight) lifting gas density reduces, actual lift is given by the formula Flift = 100 ( T1 / T0 ) -100 Where T1 is ambient temperature and T0 is sea level temperature Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  29. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Friction & drag • Drag is produced due to shape, friction and forward velocity, is given by, Fr Fr = ½ crair v2 S where Cr is index of air resistance (0.35-0.4) S is frontal area v is velocity  is air density • Power of propeller to overcome this force Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  30. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship envelope • Decides the amount of lift produced • Typical shapes are ellipsoid or cylindrical, Volumes are given by Vellipse = ¾  a b2 Vcyl =  l b2 • V decides the amount of lift produced • V is to be decided to produce lift to cater the payload plus 10% to take care of effects of atmosphere Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  31. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship dynamics Steering • Rudders are slow-reacting due low speeds of airships • Vectored Thrust (VT) is a better method • Propeller on each side of hull. • Differential power for turning • Like deflection for ascending/descending Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  32. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship dynamics Stabilization • Fins for stabilization • Tail surfaces and rudders need to be designed so that they allow effective control of the directions of the airship Fins Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  33. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship regulations • Unable to find regulations by DGCA, India • US, UK, Canada, South Africa, Australia, Germany are some countries which have formulated Airship regulations Airship regulations Design Operational Pilot certification Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  34. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Regulations Salient features • Hydrogen is not an acceptable lifting gas • Rigid airship certification regulations are reserved • Aircraft standards applicable to airship engines, propellers and other major parts • Technical training & 20 hours of flight training for airship flying • Conversion training for specific airship Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  35. Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards Airship Design Principles & Standards

  36. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations

  37. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Ground infrastructure • Blimp ports do not require infrastructure like an airport (Runways, control tower, taxi ways) • Airships do vertical take- off and landing • Blimp ports can be set up… • near or even in cities • at tourist attractions • at unused airfields

  38. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Ground crew 2 1 3 1. A typical landing 2. Ground handlers steady the airship with ropes 3. The nose of the blimp is being attached to the mooring mast. 4. Ground handlers holding the airship steady 4

  39. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Mooring mast 1 3 2 1. Earlier, landing and take-off by rigid ships used tall masts It left the airship relatively unstable in gusty winds 2. Later short mooring masts were used Made anchoring more difficult and required large ground hanger Embarking and disembarking airship was easy 3. Presently variable masts, mobile masts & mast trucks are used

  40. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Mobile mast truck 1 2 1. Mast truck is one of the most important vehicles in the operation 2. Airship can be safely manoeuvred on the ground 3. Airship can be moved in and out of the hanger 3

  41. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Mooring platform L > L Circular areas with a centre mooring mast, with a radius slightly bigger than the airship length Provide a mooring point for the airships while on ground Sufficient clearance to be provided for departing and arriving airships

  42. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Hangar • Used for Airship - • construction • maintenance • protection from harsh weather

  43. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Hangar • Most costliest component of ground infrastructure • Various shapes have been experimented over the years • Main base must have hangar(s), capable of handling minimum two airships Yesterday’s Hangar Earlier configuration Today’s Hangar Present configuration

  44. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Helium and fuel storage • Helium replenishment and Refuelling to be done at each landing • Helium has to be stored at the main base and at all destinations in the form of gas/liquid • Aviation fuel storage at each destination is required • All hangars should be equipped with helium purifying plant

  45. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Other ground handling equipment • Tractors • Helium trailers • Fuel tankers • Passenger handling vehicles • Cargo handling vehicles

  46. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Airship Operations • Regular passenger service requires: • Hangar and Major maintenance facilities at Main Base • Other locations equipped with minimum infrastructure Mooring mast and compact terminal facilities • Passenger and luggage handling • Helium replenishing • Re-fuelling • Minor maintenance

  47. Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations Infrastructure for Airship Operations

  48. Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in UttaranchaL Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal

  49. Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in UttaranchaL Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Uttaranchal state • 27th state of the Indian Republic • Formed on Nov 29, 2000 • 13 Districts • Capital- Dehradun • More than 150 tourist spots

  50. Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in UttaranchaL Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal Tourism in Uttaranchal General features • Pilgrimage centers • Hill Stations • Gigantic Himalayan Mountains & Peaks • Magnificent Glaciers • Rivers • Flora & Fauna • Dense Forests & Wild life • Adventure sports • Historical & Archeological Sites

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