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Charters: Yes, No, Maybe. Eric A. Houck, PhD Sheneka Williams, EdD 7 April 2010. Overview. History Governance Funding Performance Composition Satisfaction Frameworks for assessment Time for discussion. Definition. A charter school is a public school under contract
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Charters: Yes, No, Maybe Eric A. Houck, PhD Sheneka Williams, EdD 7 April 2010
Overview • History • Governance • Funding • Performance • Composition • Satisfaction • Frameworks for assessment • Time for discussion
Definition • A charter school is a public school under contract • The contract keeps them public • They cannot discriminate or screen • They may have their charter revoked
History • 1991- first charter law passed in Minnesota • Former Presidents Clinton and Bush supported charter school growth • President Obama ‘s education agenda follows suit
Governance – EMOs and CMOs • EMO – for profit educational maintenance organization • Edison, Academica, others • CMO – not-for profit charter management organization • KIPP, others
Funding • 78% of per pupil expenditures • 76% in urban districts • 15 states with charter school facility funding policies • E.g., Ivy Prep Academy
Governance • 89% of authorizers are local school districts • Other authorizers are state education agencies, some local authorizing boards, institutions of higher education. • 16 not-for-profits (all in MN) • 23 states have charter school caps • Then, there is Georgia…
Performance • Charters underperform non-charter schools in NAEP 4th and 8th grade reading and math, and underperform public schools in AYP status, ACT and SAT test scores • 78% of Georgia charters made AYP in 2008
Performance • However, randomized quasi experiments show no effect or positive effects that run from small to substantial (Hoxby & Rockoff 2004; Hoxby 2007)
Composition • Charter schools are more segregated than non-charter public schools • There are higher proportions of racially isolated white and African American charter schools (Civil Rights Project, 2010) • All public schools are slowly resegregating (Orfield, 2002)
Satisfaction • Charter school enrollment is statistically correlated to greater parental satisfaction in models that control for selection bias (Schneider & Buckley 2006)
Frameworks for assessment: neoconservative • Performance • Competition • Innovation • Creating alternative structure that push the traditional system to greater performance is a net gain for the policy system • This. Has. Not. Happened.
Frameworks for assessment: traditional • Equity • Adequacy • Efficiency • Liberty • Advancing liberty with no detriment to other policy values is a net gain within the policy system • This has arguably happened.
Results: Mixed • What does this mean for charter school proponents nationally? • What does this mean for charter school opponents nationally? • What does this mean for the future of charter schools in Georgia?