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ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE

ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE. READING ASSIGNMENT READ CH 1, skim Ch 2 1 st & 2 nd READINGS OF CH 3 1 ST READING OF CH 4. Why care?. aesthetic pleasure? depth of history; connecting with the past shallowness of history; civilization a (relatively) new experiment A distant mirror?

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ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE

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  1. ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE

  2. READING ASSIGNMENT READ CH 1, skim Ch 2 1st & 2nd READINGS OF CH 3 1ST READING OF CH 4

  3. Why care? • aesthetic pleasure? • depth of history; connecting with the past • shallowness of history; civilization a (relatively) new experiment • A distant mirror? • ideas still vital & part of today’s culture; these guys never go away

  4. ROMANS MEDIEVAL THEORIES RENAISSANCE OPERAS BAROQUE ENLIGHTENMENT TODAY PLAYS BUILDINGS MOVIES

  5. “You might be through with the past but the past is not through with you.” Paul Thomas Anderson, Magnolia screen play DEMOCRACY SLAVERY NIKE

  6. HUMANISM • end (for a while) of god-kings • “Man is the measure of all things” – Protagoras (p. 61 box) • plenty of gods but no sacred text or dogma • art reveals a delight in the human form

  7. amphoraca. 530 B.C.; ArchaicAttributed to the Euphiletos PainterGreekTerracotta; H. 24 1/2 in. Black-figure technique Human figures as decoration (not in textbook)

  8. Athlete,detail fromdrinking cup,c 500 BCE

  9. The Death of Sarpedonc. 515 BCE Red-on-black in text

  10. Three periods • Archaic (650-490 BC) • Classical (480-323 BC) • Hellenistic (323-145 BC) about 500 years in all

  11. Classical (480-323 BC) • Plato, Aristotle • Theater – comedy & tragedy Sophocles (p. 60): Oedipus Rex, Antigone (p 55) (play titles) about 150 years

  12. Change in Greek sculpture An illustration of the 3 periods

  13. Archaic • epic and lyric poetry • evolution and change in works such as in terracotta from black figure to red figure • Pythagoras

  14. kouros Kouros Text p. 48 monumental sculpture of human (6 ft.) KEY IMAGE

  15. What is a kouros? free-standing nude MALE youth. MALE = IDEAL sculpture would be outside a temple or serve as a grave-marker possibly portraying a god, but usually a human athlete rigid symmetry from Egyptian roots "stylized geometry" note – the term is singular

  16. kore Text p. 48 Kore - female

  17. The Archaic Smile Text p. 48

  18. Golden Age 480-404 BC (or 480-430 BC) Beginning of Classical Period 76 years! (or only 50) of demos (people) kratos (power) Democracy! (Also an Imperial era)

  19. The first evidence of change in sculpture • Kritios boy • No Archaic smile • New idea . . .Contrapposto(weight shift; literally, “placed opposite”) • Idealized form - perfection

  20. Kritios boy TEXT p. 48 KEY IMAGE Ideal proportions? CLASSICAL

  21. Vitruvius: Principles of Symmetry (Roman, c. 30 BC) Probably based on writings of Polycleitus (Classical Greek) open hand = chin to top of hairline = 1/10 of entire body heighthead from chin to top = 1/8middle of the breast to top of head = ¼bottom of chin to nostrils = nose to eyebrow = 1/3 of facelength of the foot = 1/6 of body heightforearm = breadth of the breast = 1/4

  22. Leonardo da Vinci, Proportional study of a man in the manner of Vitruvius TEXTBOOK p. 189

  23. Poseidon/Zeus? bronze dynamic pose!

  24. Discobolus Discus Thrower(Discobolus) by Myron Text p. 56

  25. Hermes and Dionysis S-curve Text p. 55

  26. Riace Warrior TEXT p. 56-57

  27. Hellenistic (323-145 BC) • Works more dramatic • First to look back on “the good ol’ days” – Classical Greece • Alexander’s empire • Other philosophies: Skepticism, Epicureanism, Stoicism • doesn’t really end in 145 BC; continues while attention shifts to Rome, which invades Greece in 145 BC

  28. Laocoön and his two sons (lay ahk a wan) • HELLENISTIC • - dramatic! • c. 150 BC KEY IMAGE p. 67

  29. More Hellenistic examples p. 66 Copy after bronze original

  30. More Hellenistic examples

  31. More Hellenistic examples – Athena Slaying Giant, Pergamon, c, 180 BC p. 66

  32. p. 65 More Hellenistic examples

  33. Our first isms • HUMANISM see p. 55 • Idealism [see glossary] – a perfect world lies behind/beyond/within/separate-from this world we sense (see, touch, hear, taste, etc.) Rationalism (p.48) is very much related to Idealism. • Naturalism/Realism

  34. Greek Architecture Classic and late Classic

  35. Acropolis

  36. Parthenon

  37. The Parthenon – 447 BC Temple to Athena

  38. Goddesses from the Pediment

  39. Side view of the Parthenon

  40. The Golden Mean • Ideal of beauty in Numbers • Proportion • A formula as a “theme” 1:2 + 1 (Parthenon 8:17) • Golden Mean = 1:1.6180339 . . . (roughly 8:13) found throughout nature

  41. Post & Lintel construction LINTEL P O S T P O S T

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