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Kingdom Plantae. All plants are multi-cellular Have a complex cell structure, have cell walls, and contain chlorophyll Both the largest and longest living things on Earth are plants. Characteristics. Non-vascular Vascular. 2 Main Groups. Do not have water conducting tissues.
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All plants are multi-cellular • Have a complex cell structure, have cell walls, and contain chlorophyll • Both the largest and longest living things on Earth are plants. Characteristics
Non-vascular • Vascular 2 Main Groups
Do not have water conducting tissues. • Because they cannot conduct water internally, these plants cannot grow very large. • Must live in moist environments (shaded environments, ocean floors, etc.) • Examples: Mosses and liverworts Non-Vascular Plants
Grow together in tightly packed mats. • This helps them to conserve water. • This also helps make reproduction possible, because the plants use water to pass along genetic information. Liverworts
The tiny capsules that appear at the top of moss plants contain spores. Mosses
Conduct water, minerals, and food molecules throughout their bodies. • They do this through roots, stems, and leaves. • Vascular tissues holds the plant up and allows it to get tall. • Without vascular tissue, plants could never grow more than 10-20 cm tall. Vascular Plants
Club Mosses • Horesetails • Ferns • Gymnosperms • Angiosperms 5 Types of Vascular Plants
Vascular plants that resemble mosses • The stems of club mosses are much sturdier due to their vascular tissues and therefore they can grow much larger than mosses. Club Mosses
Have hollow stems with many vertical ridges and joints. • Their stems feel gritty due to the presence of silica, the material in sand. • Because they are gritty and coarse, early settlers often used them to scour pots and pans. Horsetails
Have distinctive leaves called fronds • The stems of ferns remain below ground. • The bumps that appear on the underside of the fronds are not a disease or bugs, they are structures that contain spores. Ferns
One of the two types of seed plants • Most are conifers • Cone-bearing plants • Examples: Pine trees, spruce trees, juniper trees, and cypress trees Gymnosperms
Flowering Plants • The largest most diverse group of modern plants. • Their seeds are produced inside of a special structure called an ovary which is part of the flower. • The ovary of a flower ripens into a fruit • Examples: Grass, palms, oranges, lily Angiosperms