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Defining Disabilities

Defining Disabilities. Illinois Special Education Stats. Children (3-21) receiving special education services in Illinois 2009 = 318,000** ** 2009 is the most recent data listed on the ISBE Web site (August, 2012). Cognitive Impairments/ Intellectual Disabilities. Multiple causes

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Defining Disabilities

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  1. Defining Disabilities

  2. Illinois Special Education Stats • Children (3-21) receiving special education services in Illinois 2009 = 318,000** • ** 2009 is the most recent data listed on the ISBE Web site (August, 2012)

  3. Cognitive Impairments/ Intellectual Disabilities • Multiple causes • “Means significantly sub average general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child's educational performance.” (retrieved 8/28/09, ISBE) • Appears before age 18 • Limitations in 2 or more adaptive behaviors • Communication, self-care, social skills, home living, self-direction, health and safety, academics, leisure and work.

  4. Classifications • Mild • IQ range of 70-35 • Insufficient school progress • Minimum educability in reading, writing, spelling,& math • Can manage independently in comm.

  5. Severe • IQ of 35 or below • Noticeable motor deficits • Seizure disorders • Skeletal deformities • Needs training for self- help skills • Likely to need care from others

  6. Hearing Impairments & Deafness • Hard of hearing- (H I) adversely affecting a student’s educational performance, but not included under the category of deaf • Deaf -Student can not process linguistic information through hearing, with or withoutamplification

  7. Learning Disabilities • Is not the same as an Intellectual disability • Does not meet age level in abilities • Discrepancy between achievement and intellectual skills • 2009: 130,813 students with special needs are LD or 41%

  8. Autism • One of five disorders included under PervasiveDevelopmentalDisorders • Characteristics • 2009: 13,764 • 2008: 12,239 • 2004: 8,293

  9. Lack of awareness of others feelings • No social play or abnormal social play • Difficulty making friendships • Marked abnormalities in speech production • “Meltdowns”

  10. Muscular Dystrophy • A group of inherited, progressive muscle disorders, which differ based on the muscled affect • Types of MD: • Duchenne: X-link recessive disorder • Presents by 3 to 7 years of age • Leads to use of wheelchair • Common in males • Usually fatal

  11. Becker MD • X-linked • Less severe-progresses more slowly • Few are required to use w.ch. Until 20 yrs. Old • Most survive until 30’s 40’s

  12. Orthopedic Impairments/ Physically Disabling Conditions “ a severe orthopedic impairment adversely affecting a student’s educational performance. * Includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (e.g., clubfoot), impairments caused by disease (e.g., Poliomyelitis), and impairments from other causes ( e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, etc).

  13. Traumatic Brain Injury Most common cause of disability in childhood & adolescence • 1.5 million TBI in US/year with 20% due to recreational sports • 1 million are treated and released • 230,000 hospitalized • ~50,000 die • 2009 = 804 • 2008 = 843

  14. Developmental Delay • A delay in physical development, cognitive development, communication development, social or emotional development, or adaptive development (may include children from three through nine years of age). • 2009: 13,764 • 2008: 12,239 • 2004: 9,000

  15. Spinal Cord Injuries • Classified according to vertebral region affected • ½ of all injuries occur at cervical level, resulting in paralysis

  16. Visual Impairments • Having the classification as partially sighted or blind • 2009: 1,199 • 2008: 1,184

  17. Amputations • To stop a malignancy caused by tumors, infections, trauma, etc. • Congenital amputations • Acquired amputations

  18. Multiple Disabilities • “Concomitant impairments (such as Intellectual disabilities-blindness, Intellectual disabilities-orthopedic impairment, etc.), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. The term does not include deaf-blindness.”

  19. Other Health Impairments Due to chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, or sickle cell anemia; and adversely affects educational performance. • 2009: 26,219 • 2008: 25,858

  20. Emotional Disturbance • An emotional disability means a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child’s educational performance: • • An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors. • 2009: 24,969 • 2008: 26,625

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