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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. A Theoretical Study of the Societal and Personal Interactions of the Ancient Hellenistic Cultures . Where’s Sparta again?. Located on Peloponnesus Easily defended Between mountains, fierce winds. Powerful, were they?. Most powerful polis in ancient Greece

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Ancient Greece

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  1. Ancient Greece A Theoretical Study of the Societal and Personal Interactions of the Ancient Hellenistic Cultures

  2. Where’s Sparta again? • Located on Peloponnesus • Easily defended • Between mountains, fierce winds

  3. Powerful, were they? • Most powerful polis in ancient Greece • Armed camp where life revolved around preparing for war

  4. Not too nice • Conquered nearby peoples • Outnumbered Spartans • Slaves worked farms • Helots – social class between slave and free

  5. Sons, daughters… who cares? • Spartan goal was to create strong, fearless men and women • Marriages expected to produce children • Beaten if no children

  6. Marriage? Bah… • Wounded and old men encouraged to “lend” wives to able-bodied men • Marriages arranged by parents • For unmarried men and women, pushed into dark room and forced to choose a mate

  7. Ugh… • Obese men were criticized or banished • Celibacy a crime • Bachelors couldn’t vote, beaten up by women

  8. Oh, poor baby! • Sickly children left to die or thrown from cliffs • Children raised by slaves with no love or attention from parents • Children were property of polis

  9. Totalitarianism, anyone? • Spartans forbidden to travel without gov’t. permission • Two kings command army, 25-30 Senators run gov’t. • Senators average age 60 yrs.

  10. Atten-SHUN! • Boys moved to barracks at age 7 • Taught discipline, patriotism, and weapons • Learned to endure pain and hardship

  11. Trained in gymnastics and physical fitness Spoke openly on important subjects, inherited property Spartan women are the best, Spartan women beat the rest… YAY!

  12. WAR! • Only Roman legions could equal Spartans in fearlessness and victory • No poets, sculptors • Ignorant of science, literature, philosophy • Hated by neighbors

  13. Athens • Center of Greek culture • Artists, playwrights, poets, philosophers • 1st ever democracy • 621 BC – Draco writes down collected laws

  14. Solon • Stopped revolution in Athens by repealing all of Draco’s laws • laws had no distinction between social classes

  15. Solon’s reforms • Legal system where all free men serve in juries • Graduated income tax • Soldiers who died in war – sons educated at gov’t. expense

  16. Uh oh... Tyrant! • Pisistratus – Solon’s nephew • Took power by force • Took land from nobles gave to poor • Built up army and navy • Built aqueducts, roads & temples

  17. Better than advertised • Cleisthenes • Reformed political system • 10 districts, 50 men from each became advisory council to Assembly

  18. Yeah! Cheddar! • Pericles • opened gov’t. jobs to all citizens & paid them • Every citizen must vote, hold office, or serve on juries

  19. Pericles’ justice • Jury had 6,000 jurors drawn by lot • Judges chosen by lot from 60+ yrs. men • All gov’t. in hands of citizens (10% pop.)

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