Blood borne Pathogens

1. Blood borne Pathogens Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Training 2/26/2014

2. Course Topics • What are blood borne pathogens (BBPs)? • Why are they harmful? • How can I protect myself? • What is our Exposure Control Plan?

3. Blood Borne Pathogens (BBPS)

4. How are BBP’s transmitted Blood Borne Pathogens can enter your body through: • Direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person • (Ex) Touching an open wound • Contaminated instrument injuries • A break in the skin (cut, lesion, etc.) • Mucus membranes (eye, nose, mouth)

5. Risk of BBp transmission Varies • The pathogen involved • The type or route of exposure • The amount of virus in the infected blood at the time of exposure • The amount of infected blood involved in the exposure • Whether post-exposure treatment was taken • The immune status and specific response of the infected individual

6. BBPs are not transmitted • Sharing Food/ Water • Saliva • Hugging • Casual Contact

7. Diseases

8. HBV and HBC • Hepatitis B - A disease causing inflammation of the liver. Can lead to other illnesses (cirrhosis and liver cancer) and death • Symptoms: general ill-health, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, body aches, mild fever, dark urine, itchy skin • Vaccine available • Hepatitis C - A disease causing infection in the liver. Is one ofthe most common chronic blood borne infections. • Symptoms: flu-like symptoms, jaundice, fatigue, dark urine, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea • No vaccine available

9. HIV • Human Immunodeficiency Virus – A virus leading to AIDS, which causes the immune system to fail • Four stages and Symptoms • Incubation: no symptoms • Acute infection: fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, muscle pain, general ill-health • Latency: few to no symptoms • AIDS: symptoms from opportunistic infections

10. Exposure controls

11. Potential Hazards • Injuries • Not using protective equipment • Not following proper clean up procedures • Some viruses (like Hepatitis B) can live for over a week outside the body

12. Exposure Incident • Medical Emergency Situation • Only First Aid/CPR trained co-workers may administer treatment • Universal Precautions • All body fluids are potentially infectious • Use latex gloves and CPR masks • HBV Vaccine

13. Hepatitis B Vaccine • No cost to you • Provides long term immunity • 3 shots: 0, 1, & 6 months • No chance of infection from vaccine • Effective for 95% of adults • If decline, you must sign a “Declination Form” • Vaccine available at later date if desired

14. Clean up • Wash hands • The person performing first aid is responsible for cleanup • Wear protective eyewear and mask if splashing is anticipated. • Decontaminate surfaces (throw away gloves and masks) • Use water and bleach (5:1) • Located in safety supplies cabinet

15. Personal Protective equipment • The appropriate PPE is provided for you • Gloves • CPR masks • Gloves and Masks must be replaced if… • Contaminated • Torn/Punctured • Deemed unusable • Gloves and Masks should never be washed or decontaminated for re-use.

16. WASTE DISPOSAL • Must have biohazard symbol • Labels attached securely to any containers or items containing blood/OPIM • Red bags/containers may substitute for labels

17. Exposure control plan • Report to Safety Coordinator • Document using the Blood borne Pathogens Exposure Incident Report • A copy is located in the safety manual • Post exposure evaluation and follow-up

18. Post-Exposure Evaluation & follow-up • Appointment set with a physician • Blood test given to source individual and exposed co-worker • Physician provides written opinion • Records maintained • Confidentiality is of extreme importance