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Basic Concepts and Communication Models

Basic Concepts and Communication Models. An introduction to thinking about communication in organizations. Some Initial Observations. A communication axiom-- “You cannot not communicate” Always judge communication in terms of context Language in an inherently arbitrary symbol system

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Basic Concepts and Communication Models

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  1. Basic Concepts and Communication Models An introduction to thinking about communication in organizations

  2. Some Initial Observations • A communication axiom-- “You cannot not communicate” • Always judge communication in terms of context • Language in an inherently arbitrary symbol system • Language is polysemic

  3. Communication and organizations • Communication is not a secondary or derived aspect of organizations--it is not a “helper” • Communication is an intrinsic, inherent, defining feature of organizations • “No human relationship could be maintained, no organizational objective achieved, no activities coordinated and no decisions reached without communication.”

  4. Unique Perspectives on Communication in Organizations • Downward communication (superior to subordinate) • Upward communication (subordinate to superior • Horizontal communication (among colleagues) • Informal communication (the grapevine)

  5. Comparative Communication Models • Early models depicted linear movement S->M->C->R • More accepted view now is transactional/transformational model of communication--simultaneous encoding and decoding of messages

  6. Critical Elements in Communication Models • Encoding/decoding affected by differing frames of reference (race, sex, ed. background, geography, culture, etc.) • Code--verbal, vocal, visual • Channel--importance, needs of receiver, amount of feedback needed, permanent record?, cost, formality level

  7. Critical Elements cont. • Feedback--advantages and disadvantages • Noise--external and internal, technical or semantic • Environment--time, place, physical and social surroundings

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