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Suzanne Lockhart

Suzanne Lockhart. M.A. Criminology thesis University of Melbourne, 2005 Current: PhD candidate University of S.A Identity Fraud – Displacement effects and diffusion of benefits. ARC/AUSTRAC project. Community Perceptions of Biometric Technology. Human identification.

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Suzanne Lockhart

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  1. Suzanne Lockhart M.A. Criminology thesis University of Melbourne, 2005 Current: PhD candidate University of S.A Identity Fraud – Displacement effects and diffusion of benefits. ARC/AUSTRAC project.

  2. Community Perceptions of Biometric Technology

  3. Human identification • Moved from a social context of belonging to a group or family where associates rely on peculiarities such as appearance, voice and shared knowledge. • To a more complex process based on economic necessity.

  4. Drivers for enhanced identity infrastructures • Terrorism – identity crimes • Globalization of economic & social life - transfer of information, goods, people and convergence of computing and communication technologies. • Australia: Whole-of-government approach to the integration of information systems, services, policies and programs.

  5. Australian context Australian Government states: “that it intends to keep pace with the application of biometric technology to improve border protection, combat identity fraud, address passenger volume issues and meet international obligations”

  6. Social responses • Indication that biometrics will become more widespread. • However there has been little consideration of how the community may respond to the technology.

  7. Biometric system threats • Technical threats – software and hardware issues. Ability of the system to deal with physiological rate of change, gender, ethnicity, cost (user perspectives), direct/indirect medical implications. • Human threats – Unauthorized users, accidental and deliberate misuse. • Physical threats – natural disaster, storm, water, humidity, dust, lighting, • Theoretical threats – algorithm vulnerability, enrolment threats, physical and technical threats, circumvention, spoofing and biometric theft. • Other technical – standards, data management, interoperability etc.

  8. Research aim – human factor issues • Identify the community perception of biometrics. • Identify and explore the variables which might influence the decision to adopt or reject biometric systems. • Applied diffusion of innovation theory (Rogers 1995). Diffusion research centers on the conditions which increase or decrease the likelihood that a new idea, product or practice will be adopted by the members of a given culture.

  9. Diffusion theory states: The decision to adopt or reject a new idea or innovation will be influenced by: • receiver variables; social and personal characteristics, perceived need for the innovation etc; • relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, triability, observability; • time; and • communication sources.

  10. Characteristics influencing perceptions of biometrics Perceptions will change over time and be influenced by: • Personality characteristics • Social issues

  11. 1.Personality characteristics • Emotional status – influenced by phobias, drugs, alcohol, family, reasons for using the device (airports). • Psychological status of user – ability to understand and interact with the system. • Psychological dysfunction – psychological disorder, substance related, anxiety, dissociative disorder, impulsive control, reduced intellectual capacity, age.

  12. 2. Social issues • Privacy – data sharing/mining, access, disclosure etc • Function creep • Religion • Political stance • Socio-economic status - education • Usability of the system – effective, convenient, reward, intuitive, signage • Prior victimization – offender/victim • Physical disability/health issues – wheel chair, arthritis, laryngitis, injury. • Environmental issues – climate, clothing, type of industry, access to device • Social impact – intimidation, technology experience

  13. Results Identified that the degree of awareness and knowledge potential users may have about biometrics is directly influenced by: • personal, social and experiential characteristics; • a perceived need for the innovation; • social system variables; and • communication behavior.

  14. Other points identified • Many were overwhelmed by using multiple passwords and PIN’s. • The level of knowledge about biometrics is low. • Health and safety is a concern. • The public would like more open debate and information about biometrics. • Majority are prepared to forgo some issues about privacy to increase more secure authentication mechanisms. • Fall back mechanism are required. • Primary concerns relate to data sharing, data security and privacy issues.

  15. Social implications of introducing identity crime solutions such as biometrics. • Make society less trusting • Change the modus operandi • Displacement effects • Diffusion of benefits

  16. Thank you to discuss any of these issues please contact Suzanne Lockhart Canberra 0419 545 638 suzannelockhart@virtual.net.au

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