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Affections of the upper and lower jaw

Affections of the upper and lower jaw. AFFECTIONS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAW. Introduction Congenital / developemntal abnormalities Prognathism Brachygnathism Acquired conditions Fracture of the superior maxilla Fracture of the premaxilla Fracture of the inferior maxilla

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Affections of the upper and lower jaw

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  1. Affections of the upper and lower jaw

  2. AFFECTIONS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAW • Introduction • Congenital / developemntal abnormalities • Prognathism • Brachygnathism • Acquired conditions • Fracture of the superior maxilla • Fracture of the premaxilla • Fracture of the inferior maxilla • Contusion, sinus ,fistula • Open wounds • Tumors

  3. Affections of the temporo-maxillay articulation • Contusion • Open wounds • Dislocation • Fracture

  4. CONGENITAL AFFECTIONS • Prognathism • When the mandible is longer than the maxilla It is identified by oral examination wherein the lower jaw incisors are longer and rostralto the maxillary incisors. • The condition is called pig mouth. • Brachygnathism • It is manifested when mandible is shorter than the maxilla and upon oral examination the upper jaw is much longer than the lower jaw the upper incisors overhang the lower ones. This condition is also called parrot mouth

  5. Prognathism • Brachygnathism

  6. FRACTURE OF THE SUPERIOR MAXILLA • Etiology • Direct violence, collision, striking the head violently against a hard fixed object. • Seat of fracture  • Palatine plate or alveolar border. • Treatment • Loose teeth may become fixed in a few days and hence need not be removed • If suppuration occurs in their alveoli, loose teeth should not be removed • Semi liquid diet • Trephining may be required to allow  leverage of a depressed fragment

  7. Fracture of the premaxilla • Etiology • Direct violence, falling forward on the nose, or by a kick or blow. • Fracture may be transverse, longitudinal, or both , uni or bilateral • Treatment • Follow the  general principles for wounds and fractures. • Retention is  best effected by means of   inter dental wiring of the adjacent teeth, mini plating, and by external skeletal fixation with methyl methacyrlate

  8. AFFECTIONS OF LOWER JAW IN CATTLE • wounds • lacerations • fractures • abscess • The causes for the first three conditions in new born calves are injuries associated with obstetrical procedures. • Abscess in lower jaw could be due to migration of ingested pnetratingforegin bodies WOUND ON LOWER JAW

  9. FRACTURES OF LOWER JAW

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