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Collective property of QGP in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at LHC Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba ShinIchi Esumi.
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Collective property of QGP in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at LHC Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba ShinIchi Esumi Contents(1) charged multiplicity, stopping(2) chemical and thermal property(3) elliptic flow and quark coalescence(4) space-momentum-correlation in HBT(5) jet modification in away-side (6) jet modification in same-side “ridge”(7) mach-cone ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Total charged particle multiplicity distribution Measured trend at AGS-SPS-RHIC energies is extrapolated to LHC energy. About 60% increase in dN/dh from RHIC to LHC, which is 2.6 times in total yield. W. Busza, LHC Workshop, May/2007 W. Busza, LHC Workshop, May/2007 ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
AGS NA49 preliminary SPS RHIC 62 ‘net’ proton dN/dy (BRAHMS preliminary) RHIC 200 LHC 5500 net-Baryon distribution (stopping -> transparent) This tells us how the initial Baryon density is distributed in the final rapidity density. A wide net-Baryon free region will be formed in the mid-rapidity. ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Chemical equilibrium Tch : 160~170MeV Chemical freeze-out : the end of inelastic scattering during collisions, where particle abundances are frozen. Various particles ratios and yields are fitted with thermal models in order to extract a common chemical freeze-out temperature and potentials for all the particle species at each beam energy. Phys. Rev. C 73(2006) 034905 P.Braun-Munzinger, LHC Workshop, May/2007 ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
z x Elliptic flow: v2 vs h Memory of the initial geometrical overlap and pressure followed by the collective expansion. I’m still puzzled by the shape peak structure in the mid-rapidity unlike the most of all the other experimental observables. W. Busza, LHC Workshop, May/2007 19.6 - 200 GeV v2 : ~ 7.5% ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Although the mass ordering is rather well reproduced by hydro-dynamic picture, later hadronic re-scattering during the collision seems to be important to reproduce h dependence of v2 as well as for pT dependence of v2 and pT distributions. ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Particle identified v2 at RHIC Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 052301 (2007) Number of constituent quark scaling in hadron v2 as well as multi-strange baryon v2: v2 is already established during the quark phase before the hadronization. This seems to be true even for heavy quark like charm. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 172301 (2007) QM06 STAR preliminary ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Kinetic-thermal equilibrium Stronger radial expansion is expected with similar thermal freeze-out temperature or slightly lower temperature... Kinetic-thermal freeze-out : the end of elastic scattering during collisions, where momentum spectra are frozen. pT spectra are fitted with hydro-dynamics inspired “blast-wave” model in order to extract a common thermal freeze-out temperature and radial expansion velocity for all the particle species at each beam energy. Tfo : 100~140MeV K.Schweda, ISMD, Aug/2007 bT S.Bass, LHC Workshop, May/2007 Tfo ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Radial flow Stronger radial expansion will enhance the effect of mass dependence of both transverse momentum spectra and v2. We will know about the freeze-out temperature and final transverse flow velocity, but in general we would not know where the origin of the expansion is; partonic or hadronic. Detailed shape analysis of v2 and pT spectra could tell us about it in model dependent ways. C. Ko, LHC Workshop, May/2007 C. Ko, LHC Workshop, May/2007 ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.55, 311 (2005) Source size measurement with HBT radius Very weak energy dependence on the measured radius parameters from AGS-SPS-RHIC. HBT radii do not represent the entire source but the local source size given by space-momentum correlation, because of a dynamically expanding source in stead of a static source. ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
C. Ko, LHC Workshop, May/2007 AMPT RHIC AMPT LHC positive x-p correlation : shift in Xout positive x-t correlation : reduces Rout ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
RHIC RHIC SPS parton 1 trigger particle PHENIX nucl-ex/0611019 1 associate particle 1 azimuthal angle 2 associate particle 2 parton 2 Jet pair correlation Suppression at higher pT Modification at low-mid pT S.Kniege, ISMD 2007 ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Au-Au 10-30% d-Au Same Side deflected deflected mach-cone mach-cone Away Side 3 particle correlation mach-cone/Cherenkov-like or deflected jets J. Ulery, ISMD 2007 f2-ftrigger (rad) 90(deg) 80(deg) from away side center f1-ftrigger (rad) QM06 deflected mach-cone data ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
arXiv:0705.3238 [nucl-ex] IAA Df = fB-fA (rad) pTB(GeV/c) <pTB tranc.> Modification of away-side jet shape Softening of away side head region, which is consistent with energy loss scenario. Away side shoulder region is universal, which is independent with trigger pT and centrality selection. ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Au+Au, 0-5% after v2 subtraction 3 GeV/c < pTtrigger< 4 GeV/c and pTassoc> 2 GeV/c jet+ridge STAR preliminary Jet+Ridge () Jet () Jet) yield,) jet d+Au, 40-100% ridge Npart ridge J. Bielcikova, WWND 2007 Modification of same-side jet shape “ridge” J. Bielcikova, ISMD 2007 “jet” slope ridge slope inclusive slope Same side “ridge” is also as soft as inclusive. STAR preliminary pTtrig (GeV/c) ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
CERN-LHC-ATLAS CERN-LHC-ALICE Bulk property at LHC(1) charged multiplicity, stopping(2) chemical and thermal property(3) elliptic flow and quark coalescence(4) space-momentum-correlation in HBT(5) jet modification in away-side (6) jet modification in same-side “ridge”(7) mach-cone CERN-LHC-CMS GSI-FAIR-CBM BNL-RHIC-PHENIX BNL-RHIC-STAR ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba