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Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs 2 nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001)

Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs 2 nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001). Gulf Professional Publishing a subsidiary of Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, MA. Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs 2 nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001).

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Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs 2 nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001)

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  1. Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs2nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001) Gulf Professional Publishing a subsidiary of Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, MA

  2. Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs2nd Edition, R.A. Nelson (2001) • The following contains renditions of the figures included within the book as well as additional figures used by the author to teach industry courses on the subject. • Also included is Appendix D of the book.

  3. Ronald A. Nelson Discipline Structural Geology & Rock Mechanics Location BP Amoco, Upstream Technology, Geology Team, Houston History 26 years with BP Amoco as Specialist & Manager Education BS (Northern Illinois), MS, PhD (Texas A&M) all in Geology Skills Fractured Reservoirs, Technology Management, Peer Assists, Recruiting, Structural Interpretation in Thrust Belts and Rifts Publications 75 citations; including a textbook “Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs” eds. 1&2.

  4. Liesegang Banding in Aztec Ss, Nevada

  5. Work Builds On: • Nelson, R. A., 1985, Geological Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs: Contributions in Petroleum Geology & Engineering, Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, TX, 320 p. • Material presented in the AAPG Fractured Reservoir Analysis School, 1984-1996.

  6. Courtesy of Gulf Professional Publishing, Boston

  7. Introduction Fracture Origin Fracture Morphology Fracture Porosity Fracture Permeability F/M Interaction Fracture Intensity Intensity Prediction 9. Orientations 10. Reservoir Types 11. Well Directions 12. Simulation 13. Fracture Reservoir Production 14. Reservoir Screening 15. Summary (Field Examples) General Outline

  8. Reasons Why We Look at Natural Fractures • Delineate Structure • Determine Mode & Path of Deformation • Define Mechanics of Fracture • Determine Paleo-stress Directions • Determine Velocity Anisotropy • Determine Mechanical Anisotropy • Predict Reservoir Properties & Potential

  9. Total Integration Includes: • Fracture system characterization • Stratigraphic interpretation & modeling • Structural geology • Petrophysics • Seismic mapping & attribute analysis • Well testing, inc. production logs • Production history matching • Reservoir engineering, inc. dual porosity flow behavior • Fracture scaling and reservoir simulation • Drilling and completion technology

  10. Modeling in Fractured Reservoirs SPE Forum, Sept. 2000 Experience & Analogs Static Description Dynamic Description Static Conceptual Model Dynamic Conceptual Model Pressure Pressure Derivative Oil Water Hansen Peng Subsurface Outcrop Wellbore Geophysics Pressure Temperature Fluid Types Energy Nelson Peng Statistical & Geomechanical Representation Well Test Data & Well Histories Upscaling Discrete Model Continuous Model Full Static & Dynamic Simulation Simulation Model Rawnsley Sanction, Recovery Planning, Flood Design, etc.

  11. Fundamental Approachafter Nelson (1985) • Determine fracture system origin(s) in 3-d • Allows for predictability away from wellbore Tectonic, regional, cleat, diagenetic, sequence • Determine reservoir properties & var. in 3-d • Quantifies porosity, permeability, etc. Morphology, width, spacing/intensity, stress affects • Fracture/matrix communication • Linkage in dual porosity system Cross flow, connectivity, recovery

  12. Fundamental Approach (cont.) • Determine reservoir type • Defines relative contribution of fractures and problems Simulation, production character, management • Locate optimum drill locations & well paths • Quantifies “sweet spots” & maximizes wellbore surface Intensity, azimuth, directional drilling, seismic attributes • Develop reservoir management strategies • Control the reservoir to efficiently balance rate & recovery and reduce well costs Fracture closure, well patterns, sweep

  13. Recent Advancement Areas • Log Characterization • Spacing Estimates • Fracture Zone Identification • Reservoir Simulation • Azimuth Predictions • Reservoir Analogs • Effects of Fracture and Diagenetic History

  14. Impacts on Fractured Reservoir Studies

  15. Fracture • A macroscopic planar discontinuity in rock which is interpreted to be due to deformation or physical diagenesis • It may be due to compactive or dilatent processes, thus having either a positive or negative effect on fluid flow • Its characteristics may have been modified by subsequent deformation or diagenesis

  16. Fractured Reservoir • Any reservoir in which naturally occurring fractures have, or are predicted to have, a significant effect of flow rates, anisotropy, recovery, or storage.

  17. Avoid“Fracture Denial”

  18. “Fracture Denial”Keeps Us From: • Gathering important static data early • Optimizing our well locations & paths • Designing our secondary recovery patterns correctly • Accurately predicting field rates & recovery • Economically depleting our field

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