Out of a Village in Egypt: Portrait of a Facebook Rebel

1. Out of a Village in Egypt:Portrait of a Facebook Rebel

2. Vocabulary(吳沂潔、何嘉昇) • rebeln.反抗者 V. 反抗[(+against)] • six-foot • point to指著 • twin-size Measuring about 39 by 75 inches (99 by 190 centimeters). Used of a bed. twin a.成對的；雙重的；孿生之一的 • cram 把…塞進；擠滿 > cram sth. into/onto sth.

3. hulking adj.很大的；很沉重的 hulk n.高大的人；龐然大物；綠巨人浩克 • penchant n.強烈傾向/趣味; 嗜好 a special liking for something > penchant for • Soviet-style adj.蘇聯式的 Sovietadj.蘇聯的;與蘇聯有關的

4. Soviet-styleapartment

5. Sibling n.兄弟姊妹 a brother or sister • nile delta [nailˈdeltə] 尼羅河三角洲 • topple1.（使）搖搖欲墜；倒塌；倒下 2. 打倒；推翻；顛覆 • dictatorship n.獨裁政府 /國家 dictate v.口授；指使；支配 dictator n.發號施令者；獨裁者 • vocal 大聲表達的；直言不諱的；發聲的

6. sector 部門，行業，區域 • Egyptian n. 埃及人adj. 埃及的 • refer >refer to somebody/something (as something) 提到；談及；說起 ex: The victims were not referred to by name.  >refer somebody/something to somebody/something 將…送交給 ex: My doctor referred me to a specialist. >refer to somebody/something 描述；查閱 ex: to refer to a dictionary/an expert

7. complain of • regime 統治方式；統治制度；政權；政體 • brutality 暴虐行為；蠻橫行為 • ties 聯繫；裙帶關係 > ties with/ ties to

8. take to the street 走上街頭 • anxiety n. 焦慮, 掛念(+about/渴望[(+for)][+to-v] • animosity 仇恨；憤怒；敵意；憎惡 > feel/have animosity toward sb./sth. > animosity between A and B • foot soldier 步兵 • assault v. 攻擊; 襲擊/譴責, 抨擊 • squash 壓壞、壓扁等）；把…壓（或擠）變形 • sarcastic 諷刺的；嘲諷的；挖苦的

9. raison d'être=essential purpose(最終的目) • nerd n.討厭的人；呆子 • sit at • diploma n.畢業文憑, 學位證書/執照, 特許狀 =parchment =degree =academic title =certificate • gruesome adj.可怕的; 陰森的

10. anonymous adj.匿名的 • administrator n.管理人; 行政官員 • executive n.經理; 業務主管/行政官/行政部門 • clad 穿...衣服的; 被...覆蓋的[(+in...)] • Vigiln.守夜; 警戒; 監視 • bunch n.串, 束[(+of)] • startling adj.令人吃驚的

11. majority n. 多數, 過半數, 大多數 =plurality =bulk =mass

12. Idioms and phrases(許昆靖) • take to 開始從事 也有喜歡的意思 • kick around 仗勢欺人 也有從各個角度考慮的意思 • referred to 被交付 • came up 被討論(提出)

13. Grammar(翁筠婷、徐敬庭) • There are millions of them;middle and lower class Egyptians-many under 35-who have long complained of regime corruption,unemployment,and police brutality,butwho,without ties to any political party or local leadership,were never motivated to take to streets.名詞子句 • But his death-and the gruesome picture of his smashed face that circulated on internet soon later-attracted more than 100,000 people to join a facebook page that would later help send thousands into the streets on Jan,25,2011.名詞子句 • Destoryedon the night of Jan.28,Egypt’s nationwide day of rage,it is now an ad-hoc museum to horrors inflicted by Mubarak’s regime on the Egyptian people.分詞構句 • The writing on walls is still there-literally-in the shadows,where visitor who were once prisoners say the security brutalized their captives with dogs and electric shocks.名詞子句

14. ※假設語氣 ◎與現在事實相反的假設： If + 主詞 + were/過去V ,主詞 + should/would/could/might + 原形V Ex The police treated us like we were a different kind of humans. ◎與過去事實相反的假設： If + 主詞 +had +p.p .,主詞 + should/would/could/might +have +p.p. ◎與未來事實相反的假設： If + 主詞 + were to +原V ,主詞+ should/would/could/might + 原形V ※Remember的用法: Remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事 Remember doungsth. 記得做過某事 Ex He remembers falling off a train once,only to get assaulted by a police officer. ※Instead of +V/Ving/代詞 Ex Insteat of helping me,he hit me because I lying there on the platform,which you’re not supposed to do. ※Ghonimnoticed,andsoon,they were chatting regularly over gmail,talking strategy and planning for the month ahead.

15. ※make(使役動詞) Make +賓語+補語(原V /adj /N /Ved /藉詞短語) Ex 原V: He made me stay with him. Adj: He tried to make them happy. N:We just wanted to make the country ours. Ved: What make him so frightened? 藉詞短語: He asked us to make ourselves at home.

16. Translation(吳季謙、沈筱凌、呂韶玲) If you needed to, you could squeeze KhaledKamel's life into a six-foot square box, his mother says. "This is basically Khaled's life," says Amal Abdel Maguid, pointing to a narrow twin-size bed crammed into a corner next to a desk with a hulking HP desktop computer on it. 他的母親說，如果你需要的話，你可以擠進哈立德卡邁勒的生命進入一個六英尺的方框。這基本上是Khaled的生活，阿邁勒阿卜杜勒馬吉德說，指著擠在角落的狹窄雙人號床,旁邊有一張桌子上面擺著笨重的HP電腦。 And for a 20-year-old university student with a penchant for Facebook and computer games, that might not seem so extraordinary. But from this desk in the tiny, concrete, Soviet-style apartment that he shares with his mother, grandmother, and two younger siblings in the Nile Delta village of Zowiya Ghazal, Kamel also helped launch one of the most momentous events in modern Middle East history: the revolution that toppled the 30-year-old dictatorship of President Hosni Mubarak. 而一個 20歲的大學生對於Facebook和電腦遊戲有著強烈的嗜好，這可能不是那麼平凡。不過，從這張桌子小的，具體的，蘇聯式的公寓，他和他的母親，祖母和兩個弟妹在尼羅河三角洲村Zowiya加扎勒卡邁勒還幫助發起一個最重大的事件在現代中東歷史：革命推翻了30歲的獨裁總統胡斯尼穆巴拉克。

17. Kamel represents that newly vocal sector of the Egyptian population that opposition parties have long referred to as the silent majority — but is now widely known as the Facebook generation. There are millions of them; middle and lower class Egyptians — many under 35 — who have long complained of regime corruption, unemployment, and police brutality, but who, without ties to any political party or local leadership, were never motivated to take to the streets. "We were all regular young people," Kamel says. "It was never about politics.“ 卡邁勒表示，新聲樂界的埃及人口,反對黨一直被認為為沉默的大多數- 但現在普遍被稱為 Facebook一代。其中有幾百萬，中下階層埃及人- 許多年齡在35歲- 誰長久以來一直抱怨政府腐敗，失業和警察的暴行，但誰沒有任何政黨關係或地方的領導，從來沒有主動地走上街道。我們都是普通的年輕人，卡邁勒說。這從不關政治。

18. More often, it was about anxiety over jobs and marriage, and a burning animosity toward a central authority and its foot soldiers that Kamel says treated him and others like creatures they could kick around and squash. "The police treated us like we were a different kind of humans," he says. 經常而言,這是關於擔憂工作和婚姻,還有對中央政府和那些政府的步兵的強烈仇恨,Kamel說”那些步兵對我和其他像我一樣的人,輕率而粗暴的對待和壓榨.”他說“警察把我們看待成我們好像是不同種類的人類.” He remembers falling off a train once, only to get assaulted by a police officer. "Instead of helping me, he hit me because I was lying there on the platform, which you're not supposed to do.“ 他記得他有一次摔出火車外,只得到警察的毆打. “那個警察打我而非幫助我,因為我躺在月台上,而那是你不應該做的.”

19. For a couple of years, Kamel blogged about his frustrations. "It was a sarcastic blog," he says, because humor is an important way the Egyptians have learned to cope with the hardship in their lives. "I wrote about anything that I felt was wrong.“ 過了幾年, Kamel發表了有關他的挫折在部落格上. 他說"這是篇嘲諷式的文章”,因為幽默對於埃及人來說是他們學到如何應付艱困的生活一個很重要的方式. “我寫下有關我感到冤屈的所有事”. Kamel's mother thought he was wasting his time. "I didn't want him sitting at the computer so much," she says. "I wanted him to study, get a diploma, get a job, and not get involved in politics." Kamel的媽媽覺得他在浪費他的時間.她說”我不想要他常常坐在電腦前. 我想要他念書,拿到畢業文憑,找到工作,不要捲入政治.”

20. But then, all of Kamel's frustrations — and suddenly, his raison d'être — came into sharp relief one day with the news of another man named Khaled. "I was shocked by the picture of Khaled Said's face," he says. "I needed to do something about it." 但在那之後,在某天的新聞中出現的另一名叫Khaled的男子,使所有Kamel經歷的挫折伴隨著他突然間覺得他存在的理由,強烈的解脫. 他說“我被Khaled Said的臉震懾到. 我必須對於這件事做些什麼.” Said, a businessman, was eight years older than Kamel when he was beaten to death on an Alexandria street by plainclothes cops in June of last year. He was just another young computer nerd like Kamel. Said,是一位商人.在去年6月份時在一條Alexandria street被一群便衣警察打至喪命,當時Said比Kamel年長8歲. 他只是另一名和Kamel一樣的電腦狂.

21. But his death — and the gruesome picture of his smashed face that circulated on the internet soon after — attracted more than 100,000 people to join a facebook page that would later help send thousands into the streets on Jan. 25, 2011. 但他的死亡和他那有著歪曲不堪的臉部的可怕照片,在網路上迅速的傳開且吸引超過10萬人在臉書上連結這個網頁,而這幫助將這個事件大量的傳到街上,就在2011/1/25.

22. Back in June, the page's then-anonymous administrator, Middle East Google executive WaelGhonim, came up with the idea of organizing Said's large Facebook following in order to stage a series of silent, black-clad vigils. 在2010年6月，那時候的網頁匿名管理者是中東谷歌的執行長WaelGhonium，為了要舉行一系列身穿黑衣的靜坐活動，他想出了一個組織Said的大量facebook粉絲的方法 Kamel took a train half-an-hour north to Alexandria with a small, new Kodak camera. He filmed the first vigil and posted it on Facebook. Ghonim noticed, and soon, they were chatting regularly over gmail, talking strategy and planning for the months ahead. Kamel曾攜帶著一台小的新柯達相機，搭了半小時的火車往北方到亞歷山大港，拍攝了第一場靜坐活動並上傳到facebook。Ghonim注意到了以後，很快地，他們會利用gmail規律地聊天，討論未來幾個月的改革策略跟計劃

23. Last week, shortly after Kamel learned Ghonim's identity for the first time, the two joined other activists on the popular Egyptian talk show "10'o'clock at Night" to talk about how they — a bunch of unknowns — had helped launch a revolution. 上禮拜，就在Kamel第一次知道Ghonim的身分後不久，兩個人跟其他活動家一起參加埃及人的脫口秀「夜晚10點鐘」，談論不為人知的秘密:他們是如何幫助發起革命的 It was a startling success for a silent majority that, Kamel insists, cares little about Egypt's traditional political groups like the Muslim Brotherhood or the liberal Wafd party. "I don't care who ends up running this country, as long as I have the ability to change them if I don't like them," he says. "We just wanted to make the country ours. Our country — meaning we're not going to wait for someone else to fix it." Kamel堅持，對這些沉默的大多數而言，這是一個驚人的成功，他們對埃及傳統政治很少關心，像是穆斯林兄弟會或者是自由魏福德黨，。Kamel說:「我不在意最後誰統治了這個國家，如果我不喜歡他們，我要有可以改變他們的權力。我們只想要有一個我們自己的國家，意思是我們不會再繼續等待別人來解決它。」

24. Outrage over Said's death had set the ball in motion, but it was the Tunisian revolution in January that confirmed that Kamel and Ghonim and others could make it a serious game. "There were a lot of people ready to do it," Kamel says of his and other youth activists' planning in the lead-up to the Jan. 25 protests, "But when they saw that the revolution in Tunisia succeeded, they realized that it was possible." 對Said死亡的憤怒，投下了一顆引爆彈，但在一月的突尼斯革命才證實Kamel跟Ghonim以及其他人可以讓它成為一個嚴肅的運動，Kamel說，當他跟其他年輕活動家的1月25日抗議活動計畫還在預備階段時，有很多人已經準備好要革命了，但當他們看到突尼斯革命的成功，他們才明白革命真的是有可能成功的。