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9/11: The Background

9/11: The Background. RELIGION and EMPIRES. http://www.youtube.com. RELIGION and EMPIRES. http://www.youtube.com. Israel: The Holy Land. Question????. What do the “big three” religions have in common?. Old Testament, and Monotheism!.

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9/11: The Background

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  1. 9/11: The Background

  2. RELIGION and EMPIRES • http://www.youtube.com

  3. RELIGION and EMPIRES • http://www.youtube.com

  4. Israel: The Holy Land

  5. Question???? • What do the “big three” religions have in common?

  6. Old Testament, and Monotheism! • All three religions have the same origin, in the Old Testament. • All three religions are monotheistic, meaning the belief in one God.

  7. Judaism • The oldest of Monotheistic religions. • View Canaan, the Holy land, Palestine/Israel as their homeland.

  8. Beliefs • There is one God. • Their book is the “Torah,” or Old Testament. • A “messiah”, or “annointed one” will lead Israel/Jews into a new world in the end of days. • Jesus was a prophet, not the messiah.

  9. Christianity • Belief in one God. • Jesus was the son of God, and died for humanity’s sins. • Their book, the Bible, is combination of Old Testament and New Testament.

  10. Islam • Other Prophets, were prophets. • Muhammad is also a prophet who speaks of the one God, Allah. • Do not worship false idols (idolatry).

  11. Muhammad • The prophet. Upon his death, a schism, or split between two major factions would happen.

  12. Shia Islam: Shiite/Shias Muslims • Believe only Allah can choose a new leader, or prophet. • Basic Muslims do not have the power to choose rulers/leaders/or Imams. They chose Ali after Muhammad’s death.

  13. Sunni Islam: Sunni Muslims • Believe many people are capable of leading Islamic people. • Followed Muhammad’s friends/companions.

  14. Islamic befliefs: In General • Shar’ia (Sharia)--Islamic law. Strict interpretations that some Muslims follow. • Islamic theocracies (government ruled by religion) base their constitutions on this. • Pilgrimmage, praying 5 times daily.

  15. Terrorism • Unofficial definition: • 1) Violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror); • 2) are intended for religious, political or ideological goal; • 3) and deliberately target non military combatantss.

  16. Muslim Brotherhood • Established 1928 to unite Muslims in Arabic world. • Violent??

  17. Hamas (Sunni) • Started in opposition of the establishment of the Jewish Homeland. • Gaza Strip is their home.

  18. Hezbollah (Shia): The “resistance movement” • Backed by Iran and Syria. Head of Lebanon’s government after assassination of Rafic Hariri. • Leader: Hassan Nasrallah

  19. Al Qaeda (Sunni) • Founded by Osama Bin Laden: • Literally means “the base.” • Origins from Soviet--Afghanistan war.

  20. Other important vocabulary • Mujahideen • Jihad • Wahhabism

  21. Mujahideen • “Freedom fighters.” • Fighters for Islam, Muslims. • As old as Muhammad.

  22. Jihad (mu--jihad--een) • Means “struggle.” Various interpretations from there…. • Basically, Muslims should unite in Jihad in order to fight offensively/defensively against the enemy/”infidels”

  23. Wahhabism • Founded by Abdul Al-Wahhab. • Radical. • Purge Islam of all “impurities.”

  24. Israel/Palestine/”Imperialism”

  25. Establishment of Israel: 1947

  26. Arab-Israeli War • Jews call “Independence.” • Muslims call “Catasrophe.” • After UN mandate, war breaks out over territory. Jews call for independence and gain UN acceptance.

  27. 6 days war • Israeli territory expands

  28. PLO and Intifadas • Palestinian Liberation Organization • Intifadas: “uprising”, “revolution”. • LITERALLY MEANS TO SHAKE OFF.

  29. THE ARAB SPRING

  30. TUNISIA • Young, educated youth (18-30) • Unemployment 20% + • No food, no money • No civil rights

  31. RESULT: Tunisia sparks the Arab Spring

  32. “INFIDELITY SPREADS”

  33. EGYPT

  34. LIBYA

  35. SAUDI ARRABIA

  36. JORDAN

  37. SYRIA

  38. IRAN

  39. BAHRAIN

  40. YEMEN

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