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Food /exercise diary or essay option-questions? -if consuming the recommended number of

Food /exercise diary or essay option-questions? -if consuming the recommended number of servings for each food group for one’s age and gender one is most likely meeting all of one’s dietary nutrient requirements. -hence no worries about consuming foods

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Food /exercise diary or essay option-questions? -if consuming the recommended number of

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  1. Food /exercise diary or essay option-questions? -if consuming the recommended number of servings for each food group for one’s age and gender one is most likely meeting all of one’s dietary nutrient requirements. -hence no worries about consuming foods without a food label No discussion of pathology in the 2104 essay option- any questions on essay or dietary assessment option? 94/80 AA displacement

  2. LECTURE 6A PROTEINS 15 OCTOBER 2014

  3. Proteins defined p. 168 contain carbohydrate, hydrogen and oxygen just like lipids and carbohydrates but proteins also have nitrogen shape and hence function depends on amino acid side chains

  4. Amino acids P. 168-9 Amino definition Building blocks Non-essential Essential Conditionally essential

  5. Protein structure p. 169-170 considerable variety of proteins variety comes from lots of different shapes and hence functions of protein loss of shape-loss of function heat, acid, beating, chemically (e.g. urea) get easier digestion and occasionally colour change

  6. IDATME of proteins and amino acids P. 171-172 Ingestion - oral, tube (whole protein, or protein hydrosylates or amino acids), IV (amino acids only) Digestion • Stomach-acid and pepsin • Small intestine lumen-oligopeptides,tri- and dipeptides, and amino acids formed • Small intestine wall-tri- and dipeptides formed into single amino acids • Issues of dietary enzymes and pre-digested proteins

  7. IDATME of proteins and amino acids P. 171-172 Digestion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laNhqcMEAHY

  8. IDATME of proteins and amino acids continued Animal proteins are generally very digestible and plant proteins are generally less digestible than animal proteins Proteins vary in their digestibility due to variable dietary protein structures as well as other food ingredients and hence accessibility to protein digestive enzyme active sites Complete plant proteins -soy - very digestible - close to many animal proteins’ digestibility -quinoa - about 10 % less digestible than soy

  9. IDATME of proteins and amino acids continued Digestibility affects availability (WWFQ) of essential and non-essential and conditionally essential amino acids

  10. IDATME of proteins and amino acids continued Absorption P. 185 Carriers

  11. IDATME of proteins and amino acids continued Transport Blood-amino acids alone or as part of proteins

  12. PROTEIN METABOLISM DNA to PROTEIN P. 173-175 E:\Media\Animations\chapter6\Protein_Synthesis\0606.html

  13. Fig. 6-7, p. 188

  14. PROTEIN METABOLISM Proteins broken down to amino acids and amino acids then broken down to urea and water Also have synthesis of non-essential amino acids in the body Essential and non-essential amino acids and conditionally essential amino acids are made into proteins

  15. PROTEIN EXCRETION Faeces- undigested protein and unabsorbed amino acids Urine- urea and water Sweat- metabolic water formed by amino acid catabolism Respiration- CO2 and water from amino acid catabolism Saliva?-whole proteins

  16. STRUCTURE IN THE BODY Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Globular Fibrous Undone - heat, chemically, mechanically, pH

  17. PROTEINS ESSENTIAL OR NOT? Yes- functions

  18. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS P. 175-178 CHAPERONES

  19. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED ENZYMES proteases carbohydrases lipases

  20. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED NUTRIENT AND STORAGE PROTEINS nutrient proteins ovalbumin casein storage proteins ferritin

  21. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED TRANSPORT PROTEINS lipoproteins hemoglobin glucose transporters amino acid transporters sodium potassium transporter

  22. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED CONTRACTILE OR MOTILE PROTEINS actin myosin

  23. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED STRUCTURAL PROTEINS collagen elastin keratin

  24. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED DEFENCE PROTEINS antibodies fibrinogen thrombin

  25. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED REGULATORY PROTEINS insulin parathyroid hormone

  26. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED RECEPTOR PROTEINS insulin LDL receptor

  27. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED SIGNALLING PROTEINS insulin sets off signalling cascade for glycogen synthesis

  28. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED Energy

  29. PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED In summary proteins: • Bind (B) • Catalyse (C) • Build (B)

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