Today’s Agenda

1. STEM ED/CHM Nanotechnology 2007 Today’s Agenda • Nano Size Me • How big is a nanometer? • Why Size Matters • Nanomaterials are different • Nano Sunscreen • Ultraviolet light and nanoparticles • Hands on activities for each

2. IBM chip UMass Logo TI mirror array Nano Size Me

3. The Nano Scale Nano materials are typically 1 to 100 nanometers in size 1 nanometer = 1/1,000,000,000 meters How do such materials fit into the overall scale of objects in nature? And how big is a nanometer in terms of something basic?

4. We’ll use powers of ten • Handy way to express very large or very small numbers. • Easier than writing lots of zeros! 106 • reads 'ten to the 6' • is 1 followed by 6 zeros, 1,000,000 • is 1.0 with the point moved right by 6 places

5. Negative powers of 10 10-6 • reads 'ten to the minus 6' • is 1 divided by 106 , 1/1,000,000 • is 1.0 with the point moved left by six places, 0.000,001

6. How big is a meter? Width? ~2 meters Height? ~ 1 meter

7. 101 meters = 10 meters Adapted from http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/Microcosm/P10/english/welcome.html

8. 100 meter = 1 meter

9. 10-1 meters = 0.1 meters fly

10. 10-2 meters = 0.01m 1 centimeter = 1 cm

11. 10-3 meters = 0.001 meters 1 millimeter = 1 mm Fly’s eye

12. 10-4 meters = 0.0001 meters Fly’s eye as seen with electron microscope

13. 10-5 meters = 0.00001 meters Red blood cells

14. 10-6 meters = 0.000,001 meters Bacteria

15. 10-7 meters = 0.000,000,1 meters Computer Chip details 10-7 meters

16. 10-8 meters = 0.000,000,01 meters “Quantum corral” of iron atoms on a copper surface

17. 3 nanometers 10-9 meters = 0.000,000,001 meters (1 nanometer = 1 nm) DNA

18. 10-10 meters = 0.000,000,000,1 meters Carbon atom, with 6 electrons and a nucleus

19. 10-14 meters = 0.000,000,000,000,01 meters Carbon nucleus, made up of 6 protons and 6 neutrons

20. 10-15 meters = 0.000,000,000,000,001 meters 1 femtometer = 1 fm Proton (or neutron) composed of 3 quarks

21. So how big is a nanometer? Carbon atom diameter ~ 10-10 m 10 x 10-10 m = 10-9 m 1 nanometer ~ 10 atoms wide Nano films are a 1-100 x 10 atoms in thickness Nano particles are 1 to 100 x 10 atoms in diameter

22. The Size Me Challenge • Each team has an envelope containing • A 3 page list of powers of ten • 24 picture cards • Place each card next to the appropriate power of ten • Size matches will be approximate • Some matches will be easy, some will be hard!

23. That’s if for now …

24. Approximate sizes

25. Approximate sizes, 2

26. Approximate sizes, 3

27. Approximate sizes, 4

28. Approximate sizes, 5

29. Approximate sizes, 6