Professionalization of Nursing

1. Jennifer Collier BEF 644 Fall 2013 The University of Alabama Professionalization of Nursing

2. In the beginning…. • First attempts to form alumnae associations • 1889 • Mutual benefit • Fidelity to “home hospital”

3. The first….. • 1893, lead by Isabel Hampton, National League of Nursing Educators (NLNE) • Strategy address lack of standards • Superintendents from large training schools, high standard for admission exclusion • 1886-7, Nurses’ Associated Alumnae (NAA) • Focus- raising education standards • Not designed to be inclusive • Membership requirements eased in 1911 American Nurses Association • http://www.appalachianhistory.net/2011/02/graduates-of-the-western-maryland-hospital-nurses%E2%80%99-training-school-1911.html

4. The debate of payment… • Gain control over entry to training debate

5. The power of the state… • Alliances, freedom and registration • Hostility • Early state boards • Ineffective laws • Limited resources

6. Indifference and Hostility • By 1900, more accepted as part of medical environment • Continued unwillingness to support as profession • Private duty nurse and middle class • Hospital nurse and lack of public understanding • Helper agents of physicians

7. The Worker Nurse • Nursing divided http://mtpleasantpioneer.blogspot.com/2010_06_13_archive.html

8. Trained Nurse Journal • 1889: • 7 years before Nurses’ Associated Alumnae pro-organization • 1910-1920s • Character more important that organization • Did not oppose registration, but the increased education requirements for registration

9. Where to Place Emphasis? • To claim professional status, associations needed to improve training • This lead to physician and hospital hostility • This chapter ends without reconciliation of the issue.