Carmina —stage 42 . ( et 44, 45 46)

1. Carmina—stage 42 . (et 44, 45 46) The poetry of Phaedrus, Catullus, Ovid, and Vergil

2. Your assignment • Create a Carmina “notebook” which you will hand in on Friday 5/27. • What must be inclouded: • Translations of poems read together in class (35%) • Answer the questions at the end of each poem (25%) • Translation of the poem assigned to you based on the poet for whom you choose to create an FB page.

3. Phaedrus • Lived in first half of first century, AD. • Originally a slave of the Emperor, became a libertusAugusti. • Composed 5 books of poetry largely based on Aesop’s Fables. • Here is his poe, 1.1 Lupus et Agnus

4. Ad rivumeundem lupus et agnusvenerant,sitīcompulsī. Superior stabat lupus,longēque inferior agnus. Tuncfauceimprobālatroincitatusiurgiicausamintulit; • Rivus, ī – stream • Isdem, eadem, idem- thesame • Siticompulsi—weird looking ablatives. What type of construction is this? • Fauce –literally throat, metaphorically hunger • Improbus, a, um— wicked • Latro , latronis— robber, i.e. wolf • Incito, are, avi, atus— urged on • Iurgium— argument, debate • Causaminferro, inferre, intuli, inlatus— to make an excuse

5. 'Cur' inquit'turbulentamfecistimihiaquambibenti?' Laniger contra timens'Qui possum, quaeso, facere quod quereris, lupe?A tedecurrit ad meoshaustus liquor'. • Turbulentus, a, um –disturbed, i.e. muddy • Bibo, bibere–to drink. Note the construction of this verb—and the CASE. Who is it describing? • Laniger— the woolly one • Contra— in reply • Qui—how • Quaeso-I beg/ask • Queror, queri—to complain, lament • Liquor, liquoris—water • Decurro = de+curro • Haustus, us (acc. Pl.) drinking spot

6. Repulsusilleveritatisviribus“Ante hos sex menses male' ait 'dixistimihi.”Responditagnus“Equidemnatus non eram.” Ille lupus est @!#&*%! / • Vires, virum—strength • Ante—before, i.e. ago • Dixisti—think about who is doing the action • Equidem—indeed • Natus sum—I was born • Think about the TENSE of natus ERAM

7. 'Pater hercletuus' illeinquit 'male dixit mihi';atqueitacorreptumlaceratiniustānece. • Hercle—interjection “by Hercules” • Notice the wolf’s rebuttal of the lamb’s reply. • Ita—thus • Correptum: corripio, -ere, correpi, correptus – seize • NOTE the case • Lacero, lacerare, laceravi, laceratus — this is where we get the English words “lacerate” and “laceration” • Nex, necis—slaughter

8. Questions about the reading p. 151 • 1. Where had the wolf and lamb come to? • Where did they stand? • 2. Who started the argument? • What excuse did he invent? • 3. What reason did the lamb give for saying that the wolf must be wrong? • 4. What accusation did the wolf then make? • what was the lamb’s reply? • 5. How did the wolf then change his accusation? • What did he do next? • Suggest a moral for this fable AS WELL AS a title. • Compare your moral with that of Phaedrus: Haec propter illosscriptaesthominesfabula Qui fictīscausīsinnocentesopprimunt.

9. Catullus • Born around 84 BC in Northern Italy. • Died not long after 54 BC. • His poems are generally short and range in tone from tender and loving to insulting and obscene. • Here are TWO of his poems VERY different in tone.

10. Excerpts from Catullus 39 • EGNATIVS, quod candidoshabetdentes,renidetusquequaque. si ad reiuentumestsubsellium, cum orator excitatfletum,renidetille; si ad piirogumfililugetur, orba cum fletunicum mater,renidetille. quidquidest, ubicumqueest,quodcumqueagit, renidet: hunchabetmorbum,nequeelegantem, utarbitror, nequeurbanum.quaremonendumesttemihi, bone Egnati.siurbanusessesautSabinusautTibursautpinguisVmberautobesusEtruscusautquilubet, qui puriterlauitdentes,tamenrenidereusquequaquetenollem:namrisuinepto res ineptiornulla est.

11. Egnatius, quod candidoshabetdentes,renidetusquequaque. si ad reiventumestsubsellium, cum orator excitatfletum,renidetille; . • Candidus, a, um—shining white • Renideo, -ēre –grin, smirk • Usquequaque-on every possible occasion • Reus, rei m. defendant • Ventumest (lit. there has been an arrival) people have come • Subsellium—defendant’s bench • Fletus, us—weeping, tears

12. [renidetille]; si ad piirogumfililugetur, orba cum fletunicummater,renidetille. quidquidest, ubicumqueest, • Pius, a, um-good, pious, devout • Rogus, i-funeral pyre • Fili=filii • renidetille; si ad piirogumfili • Note the framing of rogum by the piusfilius • Lugetur—mourning is taking place • Orbus, a, um –the bereaved (the person/pplmourning) • Fleo, flēre—to weep • Unicus, a, um—one and only—what is this word decribing? • Quidquidest—whatever is happening • Ubicumque--wherever

13. quodcumqueagit, renidet: hunchabetmorbum,nequeelegantem, utarbitror, nequeurbanum.quaremonendumesttemihi, bone Egnati. • Quodcumqueagit—whatever he is doing • Morbus, morbum—sickness, disease • Necque…necque—remember how to translate this pair • Ut-like, as • Arbitror, -ari—to judge • Rbanus, a, um—refined • Quare—therefore • Moneo, -ēre –to warn

14. siurbanusessesautSabinusautTibursautpinguisUmber autobesusEtruscusautquilubet, qui puriterlavitdentes, • Think about the mood of esset—what type of condition is this? So how is it translated? • Urbanus, -I m. –a city-dweller, i.e. man from Rome • Sabinus –a Sabine person • Tiburs—man from Tibur • Pinguis, is, e—plump • Umber—an Umbrian • Etruscus—an Etruscan • Quilibet—anyone at all • Puriter—decently, with clean water

15. tamenrenidereusquequaquetenollem:namrisuinepto res ineptiornulla est. • Nollem=nolo, nolle, nolui • So nollem is formed from the INFINITIVE with the personal ending –m. • So, who is doing the action? • Remember the type of subjunctive condition we are in! • Tamen—nevertheless • Usquequaque-on every possible occasion • Risus, us—smile • Ineptus, a, um—silly • Risuinepto—ablative of comparison

16. Questions, p. 153 • 1. Why does C. say Egnatius grins constantly? • 2. What is happening in lines 2-5 in court and at the funeral? What does E. do on both occassions? • Why do you think C. uses phrases like “cum orator excitatfletum” and “orba cum fletunicum mater” in his descriptions. • 3.Suggest a reason why “renidet” is repeated so often. • According to line 14, why would Catullus still object to Egnatius’s smile, no matter where he came from? • Does this poem sound similar in tone to any other poet we have read? If so, who and why?

17. Catullus 63multas per gentes et multa per aequoravectus,adveniohas miseras, frater, ad inferias,uttepostremodonaremmunere mortiset mutamnequiquamalloquerercinerem. • Gens, gentis-family, tribe, race, people, nation • Aequor, auquoris n. sea • Vehor, vehi, vectus sum –to be carried, totravel • Inferias- tributetothedead • Postremo- last • Dono, donare • Munus, munerisn. gift • Mutus, a, um- silent • Nequiquam -invain • Alloquor = ad+loquor • Cinis, cineris- ash

18. quandoquidemfortunamihiteteabstulitipsum.heumiserindignēfraterademptemihi,nunctamenintereahaec, prisco quae moreparentumtraditasunt, tristimunere ad inferias, • Quandoquidem- since • Tete = te • Abstulit = ab + tulit • Heu = eheu • Indigne-unfairly • Ademptus, a, um – taken away • Haec-these things, these gifts • Prisco…more –by the ancient custom • Parentes, parentummpl.–parents, ancestors • Trado, tradere, tradidi, traditus • tristimunere—describing or specifying the “prisco more”—as a sad gift

19. accipēfraternomultummanantiafletu,atque in perpetuum, frater, aveatquevale. • Fraternus, a, um of a brother, fraternal • Multummanantia- drenched • Fletu—do you remember this word from our last poem? • Ave atque vale—hail and farewell

20. Questions, p. 154 • 1. Why does C. describe his actions as “nequiquam—in vain” in line 4? • What other words does he use to strengthen your argument? • 2. What indications are there in this poem that Catullus believes or does not believe in an afterlife? • Explain your answer in 1-2 sentences. • 3. Where in the poem does the emotion seem to be most intense? • Why? • What, in your opinion, is the mood of the final line?

21. A quick note on Catullus • Those of you who choose/are assigned to translate more Catullus • Read the culture section on pp. 229-230. • Based on this info, consider whether your particular assigned poem was written when he loved or hated her. • They had an on-again, off-again type situation This is one of his most famous poems: Catullus 85 Odi et amo. Quare id faciamfortasserequiris, Nescio, sedfierisentio et excrucior Odi, odisse –I hate Quare – why Requio, -ire—to ask (indirect question) Fortasse-perhaps Faciam—subjunctive verb in the present tense Fio, fieri—to be happening Sentio, -ire, sensi Excrucio, ire—to torture, torment (think about the voice)

22. Vergil

23. Ovid—Daedalus et IcarusMet. 8.183-235 DaedalusintereaCretenlongumqueperosusexiliumtactusque loci natalis amoreclaususeratpelago. 'terras licet' inquit 'et undasobstruat: at caelumcertepatet; ibimusillac: • Interea-meanwhile • Creten-acc. • Perosus—hating • Tactus:tango, tangere, tetigi, tactus-to touch • Loci natalis (gen.) place of birth, native land • Claudo, -ere, clausi, clausus—cut off • Pelago—sea • Licet—although • Obstruo, are, avi, atus—he (king Minos) may block my way through • At-but, yet • Pateo—lie open, is exposed • Eo, ire, ii—to go + bo, bis, bit • Illac-by that way.

24. Questions p. 193 • Why was Daedalus eager to leave Crete? • Why was it difficult for him to get away? • What method of escape will he choose?