240 likes | 383 Views
mu`K audXog. BUimkw. ies pwT ivc AsI iqMn m`uK audXogW bwry jwxkwrI pRwpq krWgy [ ieh iqMn audXog hn [ Lohw iespwq audXog 2. k`pVw audXog 3. sUcnw –qknIk audXog [. lohw iespwq audXog nMU lgwaux leI loVIdIAW hwlqW. k`cy lohy dI pUrqI 2.A`CI iksm dy koly dI pRwpqI
E N D
BUimkw • ies pwT ivc AsI iqMn m`uK audXogW bwry jwxkwrI pRwpq krWgy [ ieh iqMn audXog hn [ • Lohw iespwq audXog • 2. k`pVw audXog • 3. sUcnw –qknIk audXog [
lohw iespwq audXog nMU lgwaux leI loVIdIAW hwlqW • k`cy lohy dI pUrqI • 2.A`CI iksm dy koly dI pRwpqI • 3. pwxI dI inrMqr splweI • 4. AwvwjweI dy ssqy swDn • 5. pUMjI
lohw iespwq audXog dy Kyqr cIn,jpwn,XU.AYs.ey.,jrmnI Aqy bRwzIl vrgy dyS lohw iespwq dI pYdwvwr iv`c mohrI dyS hn [ korIAw ,Bwrq ,ieglYf ,PrWs ,ietlI ,spyn Aqy polYf vrgy dyS vI sMswr ivc audXogW ivc m`hqvpUrn sQwn r`Kdy hn [
Bwrq Bwrq vI lohw iespwq pYdw krn vwlw ie`k v`fw dyS hY [ dyS dy mu`K lohw iespwq audXog kydr –jmSydpur ,vrnpur ,durgwpwr ,ruVkylw ,iBlweI Aqy bokwro ,cwr rwjW –JwrKMf ,p`CmI , bMgwl ,auVIsw Aqy C`qIdgVR ivc siQq hn [twtw Awirn AYf stIl kMpnI dw sB qo purwxw lohw iespwq kydr hY [sMn 1907 ivc ies nMU jmSyd jI twtw duAwrw lgwieAw sI [
jmSydpur jmSydpur Bwrq dw sB qo purwxw lohw iespwq kydr hY ieh twtw AweIrn Aqy stIl kMpnI dw kwrKwnw hY [JwrKMf dy ijlHy isMGBUm ivc swkcI dy sQwn qy iesnMU jmSyd jI twtw duAwrw sQwipq kIqw igAw [ pihlW ieh sQwn ibhwr ivc sI [ku`J dyr bAwd ies sQwn dw nwm jmSyd jI twtw dy nW krky jmSydpurw pY igAw [
fYtrIAt Jykr AsI au`qrI AmrIkw dy lohw iespwq audXog dy nkSy qy Jwq mwrIey qW swfI nzr sB qo pihlW XU .AY`s.ey dy a`uqr pUrvI ih`sy jWdI hY [ieh bhuq hI sMGxw audXoigk Kyqr hY [mhwn JIlW dy Aws –pws dy ielwky ivc k`cy lohy ,kOly Aqy hOr lOVIdy k`cy mwl dy BMfwr hox krky ies Kyqr ny audXoigk qOr qy bhuq qr`kI kIqI hY [
k`pVw audXog • k`pVy dw inrmwx keI qrRW dy k`cy mwl qo kIqw jWdw hY [iehnW ivc m`uK qOr qy kpwh ,ptsn ,a`u`n ,rySm Aqy bxwvtI rySw Swiml hn [k`pVw audXog vrqy jWdy k`cy mwl dy AwDwr qy ies audXog nMU hyT iliKAW SyRxIAW ivc vMf skdy hW[ • sUqI k`pVw audXog , aUnI k`pVw audXog ,rySmI k`pVw audXog , ptsn k`pVw audXog , bxwvtI rySm Aqy bxwvtI rySw k`pVw audXog [
aUnI k`pVw audXog jwnvrW dy vwlW qy inrBr krdw hY[jwnvr ijvy ik Byf, b`krI, aUT ,Xwk , KrgoS Awid dy vwlW nMU k`pVw bxwaux leI vriqAw jWdw hY [jwnvrW iv`co Byf ie`k Aijhw jwnvr hY[ ijs qo v`fI mwqrw iv`c au`n pRwpq kIqI jWdI hY [ByfW iv`co ‘mYrIno’ iksm dI Byf qo lMby rySy vwlI vDIAw iksm dI au`n pRwpq kIqI jWdI hY[
rySmI k`pVw audXog rySm nMU k`cy mwl dy qOrqy vriqAw jWdw hY ‘rySm’ie`k iksm dy kIVy qo pRwpq kIqw jWdw hY [rySm dy kIVy SihqUq nW dy r`uK dy p`iqAW qy plHdy hn [ rySmI k`pVw kImq dy ihswb nwlO kw&I mihMgw hMudw hY [rySm dy k`pVy dy m`uK auqpwdk dyS jpwn,cIn, d`KxI kOrIAw rUs ,Bwrq,auqrI kOrIAw Aqy bRwzIl hn [
bxwvtI rySm Aqy k`pVw audXog A`jkl bxwvtI rySm Aqy hor keI qrHW dy rswieixk jW bxwvtI rySy qo vI k`pVw iqAwr krn dy bhuq audXog l`g gey hn [bxwvtI rySw iek rswieixk Xoigk hI hY [ijsnMU PYktrIAW dy AMdr iqAwr kIqw jwdW hY nweIln,tYrIlIn hY[jpwn ,XU.AYs.ey ,ieglYf ,jrmnI ,Bwrq ,cIn,ietlI Awid bxwvtI rySy qy ADwirq k`pVw audXog ivc pRmu`K hn [
ptsn k`pVw audXog ptsn dI m`uK vrqo qW borIAW, twt ,r`sy Awid bxwaux ivc kIqI jWdI hY pRMqU A`jkl ies qo k`pVw bxwaux dw ruJwn vI ho igAw hY ptsn m`uK qOr qy grm Aqy qr ielwikAW dI pYdwvwr hY [cIn ,Bwrq,bMglw dyS ,QweIlYf Aqy bRwzIl vrgy dyS sMswr dy m`uK ptsn auqpwdn Aqy audXoigk dyS hn [Bwrq Aqy bMglw dyS ivc bhuq v`fI igxqI ivc ptsn audXog l`gy hoey hn [
sUqI k`pVw audXog sUqI k`pVw audXog kudrqI rySy kpwh qy ADwirq hY[kpwh swnMU KyqIbwVI qo hI pRwpq hMudI hY [lMby rySy vwlI kpwh vDIAw iksm dI mMnI jWdI hY [sUqI k`pVw audXog leI ku`J SrqW hyT iliKAW hn [ K`cy mwl dI aupl`bDqw,pUjI dI ivvsQw,ssqy mzdUr,mMfI dI nyVqw,FukvW jlvwXU,AwvwjweI dy ivksq swDn[
sUqI k`pVw audXog dy Kyqr sUqI k`pVy dy audXog bhuq swry dySW iv`c l`gy hoey hn [ sMXukq rwj AmrIkw , pUrv sobIAq sMG dy dyS ieMglYf, jpwn ,cIn, imsr Aqy Bwrq Awid sUqI k`pVw audXog vwly pRmu`K dyS hn XUrp dy ieMglYf PrWs jrmnI , ietlI Aqy polYf vrgy dySsUqI k`pVw bxwaux vwly purwxy dyS hn [
Bwrq dyS dw sUqI k`pVw audXog vI bhuq purwxw hY[ 3000 eIsvI pUrv qo lY ky h`Q K`fIAW nwl buxy jWdy ies k`pVy dI mMg sMswr dy v`K-v`K dySW iv`c rhI hY[ Bwrq dy mhWrwStr , gujrwq ,qwimlnwfU ,pMjwb , m`D pRdyS ,au`qrpRdyS ,rwjsQwn, pWfIcyrI ,krnwtk Aqy kyrl mu`K k`pVw pYdw krn vwly rwj hn[
Aihmdwbwd Aihmdwbwd gujrwq ivc iek bhuq v`fw sUqI k`pVw audXoigk kydr hY [ieh Sihr swbrmqI dirAw dy kMFy qy siQq hY [muMbeI qo bAwd Aihmdwbwd dw ,sUqI k`pVw audXog iv`c Bwrq iv`c dUjw sQwn hY sB qo pihlI k`pVw ie`Qy sMn 1859 lgweI geI [gujrwq dIAW 118 k`pVw im`lW ivco 73 im`lW ies Sihr ivc hI hn [Aihmdwbwd Sihr Bwrq dI ‘kpwh p`tI’ ivc hI pYdw hY [ies leI ieQo dIAW k`pVw imlW nMU ‘kpwh’ AswnI nwl iml jWdI hY [
auswkw auswkw,audXoigk ivkws dy p`Ko ,jpwn dw ie`k m`hqvpUrn Sihr hY [ieh Sihr jpwn dy ikMkI Kyqr ivc siQq hY ieh iek bMdrgwh Sihr hY ij`QO hr rOz bhuq swry smuMdrI jhwz lMGdy hn [sUqI k`pVw audXog dw ieh iek bhuq pRis`D kydr hY [jpwn dy l`gpg 10%sUqI k`pVw audXog iesy Sihr ivc hI l`gy hoey hn [ies Sihr nMU ‘jpwn dw mwncYstr’ ikhw jWdw hY [
sUcnw-qknIk audXog sUcnw-qknIk audXog A`jk`l dw smW msInW dw smW hY / hryk iksm dy adXogW dw ivkws bhuq qyjI nwl irhw hY[ dunIAW suMgV ky bhuq v`fI ho geI hY [ryfIau ,tYlIPon,tYlIivjn, mobwiel Pon qy kipaUtr Awid ny sMswr Br dy lokW nMU Awps iv`c joV dw kMm kIqw hY[ sUcnw qknIk dy XMqrW nwl AsI dunIAW dy iksy ih`sy bwry jW Gtnw bwry imMtW sikMtW ivc igAwn pRwpq kr skdy hn [
sUcnw qknIk dy m`uK Kyqr sMswr dy swry ivksq dyS ,sUcnw qknIk audXog ivc vI kwPI A`gy hn[XU.AY`s.ey.,knyfw ieMglYf ,PrWs,cIn ,rUs,jpwn Aqy jrmnI vrgy dySW ny ies dySw ny ies audXog ivc kwPI m`lW mwrIAW hn [
bMglOr Aqy islIkwn GwtI bMglOr Bwrq dy krnwtk rwj dI dI rwjDwnI hY [ieh Sihr dyS dy m`uK audXoigk KyqrW ivco iek m`hqvpUrn kydr hY [ie`Qy bhuq swrIAw iksmW dy audXogW dw ivkwshoieAw hY [mSIn tUlj ,sMcwr dy swDn,GVIAW ,hvweI jhwj Awid pRmu`K hn [ies Sihr nMU Bwrq dI islIkwn GwtI vI ikhw jWdw hY [
islIkwn GwtI sMXukq rwj AmrIkw dy p`Cm ivc ieh jgHw kYlIPornIAW rwj ivc siQq hY [kdI ieh ielwkw Pl augwaux leI mShUr hMudw sI [pr A`j ieh dunIAW dy mhwn swieMs pwrkW iv`co iek hY ieh lgpg 1000 vrg iklomItrivc PYilAw hY ij`Qy sYkVy hI au`cI qknIk vwly sQwipq hn [XU.AYs.ey dw ieh iek v`fw sUcnw kydr hY [
v`lo: sMdIp kOr rmn kOr
TEACHERS NAME SRImqI pRym lqw jI rUpdmnkOr