Heat Strokes

1. Heat Strokes Presentaion by Munachiso Ndukwe Iheme Jr. Heat Stroke Presentation By Munachiso Onyedikachi Ndukwe Iheme Jr.

2. Dubai is one of the seven federal emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It was created along with the formation of the UAE in 1971. As an emirate, it is governed legally, politically, and economically by the UAE under a federal framework Dubai Dubai is one of the seven federal emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It was created along with the formation of the UAE in 1971. As an emirate, it is governed legally, politically, and economically by the UAE under a federal framework

3. Demographics • Dubai’s present population stands at about 1.3 million residents in 2006 in which 99% are concentrated in the city. • The population consists of 17% UAE nationals, 71% are migrants and workers from Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Philippines, and other Asian nations, and approximately 3% come from western countries • Life expectancy in Dubai is high at 77.87 years for females and about 72.73 years for males.

4. Health Care in Dubai • Dubai’s health services are internationally recognized to be of good quality and comparable to other developed countries. Hospitals, which boast of with their modern facilities, are strategically located to ensure accessibility. There are about 20 clinics and hospitals distributed across the Emirate. The ratio of clinics/hospitals to patients is 1:78,000. • Dubai’s public health care is being run can practice health care in Dubai. • by the Department of Health and Medical Services (DOHMS). It provides free or very low cost medical services for UAE residents. There are also private health care providers. Many of these practitioners are foreign health professionals trained in their home countries. Most of them come from USA, India, Egypt, Europe, and Pakistan. Their qualifications are carefully verified before they

5. Weather In Dubai • Weather in Dubai is a major influencing factor in increasing the number of tourists to the emirate. It has an arid subtropical climate with year-round sunny days, and infrequent and low rainfall. Average temperatures in Dubai range from a low of about 10°C (50°F) to a high of 48°C (118°F). Mean daily maximum is 24°C (75°F) in January and 41°C (106°F) in July. • The average rainfall in Dubai amounts to only 13 cm a year. Rainfall is infrequent with highest precipitation occurring in winter months of January and February

6. Cause of heat Stroke • Heat Stroke: Higher production or absorption of heat than released • It occurs usually in cases of High Temperature as in Dubai • It has different stages and when occuring over a long period of time can be fatal

7. Heat Rash • Occurs in hot, humid conditions, particularly wearing heavy clothing and with excessive sweating. • Fair skinned individuals are more prone to develop heat rash due to lower melanin count • Interferes with sleep and results in decreased deficiency and cumulative fatigue • Treated by keeping skin dry, use of cooled sleeping quarters, calamine lotion

8. Heat Cramps Occurs after exercise usually to people who aren’t used to the heat, who sweat a lot or don’t drink enough fluids Leg cramps, abdominal pain, fainting or dizziness, weakness, profuse sweating and headaches are all symptoms Increase fluid intake, increase salt intake, rest and move to a cool place Heat Cramps • Occurs after exercise usually to people who aren’t used to the heat, who sweat a lot or don’t drink enough fluids • Leg cramps, abdominal pain, fainting or dizziness, weakness, profuse sweating and headaches are all symptoms • Increase fluid intake, increase salt intake, rest and move to a cool place

9. Heat Exhaustion • This is caused by the loss of body fluids and important salts due to overexposure to high temperatures and humidity. Usually you are exposed to heat for a prolonged amount of time, such as standing in formation, and you become dehydrated. • This is caused by the loss of body fluids and important salts due to overexposure to high temperatures and humidity. Usually you are exposed to heat for a prolonged amount of time, such as standing in formation, and you become dehydrated. • Treated by cooling off, ingestion of substantial amounts of fluids. WARNING: If left unattended, can lead to HEAT STROKE!!!!!!!!

10. Heat Stroke • Heat stroke is a medical emergency and a life threatening condition • It is caused by the failure of the heat-regulating mechanisms of the body, due to high heat and humidity • Headache, nausea, dizziness, skin is red, dry and very hot (sweating has ceased). Pulse is strong and rapid, small pupils, high fever (40.6 °C). May be disorientated, lose consciousness, possible convulsions • Remove to cooler location, loosen clothing, immerse in cool water, wrap in wet sheets, cold compresses to the head, neck and groin. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY

11. Classification • Exertional heat stroke, occurs in • previously healthy young people • during exercise in hot and humid climates, • acclimitazation • Classical (Non-exertional) heat stroke occurs in • extreme heat waves, • overexposureto heat • especially elderly

12. Risk Factors • The environment • Activities • Sex • Women are less disposed • It appears that the body temperature at which thermoregulatory reflexes are activated is lower in women than in men. Thus women appear to store less heat than men for a given workload • Other factors; Obesity, recentalcohol consumption, dehydrating illness, Diarrhoea, vomiting, Lack of sleep, food or water, Skin diseases

13. Treatment • ABC. Check airway and breathing. Correct airway and breathingproblems as a matter of urgency. Asses level of consciousness • Check rectal temperature and institute cooling methods as available • Examine to exclude alternative diagnoses • Arrange laboratory tests • Be alert for complications (metabolic complications and evidence of organ failure)

14. In Dubai Labourers LABOUR PRACTICES AND ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS IN RESPECT TO HEAT EXHAUSATION IN LABOURERS