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Handout 27-3

Handout 27-3. The Inner Planets. 1. The planets closest to the sun are called the ____________________. inner planets. 2. Name the four inner planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars. 3. The inner planets are also called ______________________ because they are like Earth .

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Handout 27-3

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  1. Handout 27-3 The Inner Planets

  2. 1 • The planets closest to the sun are called the ____________________. • inner planets

  3. 2 • Name the four inner planets • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars

  4. 3 • The inner planets are also called ______________________ because they are like Earth. • terrestrial planets

  5. 4 Describe the composition of the inner planets. • Made mostly of solid rock with metallic cores.

  6. 5 Bowl-shaped depressions called _______________________ formed on the surfaces of inner planets when the planets collided with other objects in space. • Impact craters

  7. Mercury

  8. 6 • Mercury, the closest planet to the sun, circles the sun every • B: 88 days

  9. 7 • Mercury rotates on its axis once every • C: 59 days

  10. 8 • Mercury’s surface features a long line of cliffs and • B: a large number of craters

  11. 9 • The absence of a dense atmosphere and Mercury’s slow rotation contribute to • D: a large daily temperature range

  12. VENUS Phases of Venus seen from Earth

  13. 10 • How long is the orbital period of Venus, the second planet from the sun? • 225 days

  14. 11 • How often does Venus rotate? • Once every 243 days

  15. 12 • The planet that Venus most resembles in mass, size, and density is ________________________. • Earth

  16. 13 • Venus’s atmospheric pressure is about ___________ times the pressure on Earth. • 90

  17. 14 • What two factors cause the high temperatures on Venus? • It is close to the sun • High amount of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere

  18. 15 • What percentage of the atmosphere on Venus is composed of carbon dioxide? • 96%

  19. 16 • Venus appears to be very bright in the night sky because drops of _________________________ form a cloud layer that reflects sunlight. • Sulfur dioxide

  20. 17 • Why is Venus commonly referred to as the evening star or morning star? • It is usually visible from Earth only in the morning or early evening.

  21. 18 • The surface of Venus is composed of which two types of rock? • Basalt and granite

  22. 19 • 19. Magellan • B: a U.S. satellite that collected data about Venus

  23. 20 • volcano • C. a landform commonly found on Venus

  24. 21 • Maat Mons • A. the highest volcano on Venus

  25. Earth

  26. 22 • Earth is the ________________ planet from the sun. • third (rock from the sun)

  27. 23 • The orbital period of Earth is ______________ days. • 365 1/4

  28. 24 • Earth completes one __________________ on its axis every day. • rotation

  29. 25 • How many moons does Earth have? • one

  30. 26 • Over the last ______________ years, Earth’s continents separated from a single landmass and drifted to their present. • 250 million

  31. 27 • What two factors have caused the surface of Earth to keep changing? • Weathering and erosion

  32. 28 • Why is Earth the only planet on which water exists in a liquid state? • Earth’s unique atmosphere • Distance from sun allows water to exist in the liquid state

  33. 29 • How was Earth able to maintain the moderate temperatures that were necessary to support life? • The oceans and atmosphere help Earth to have moderate temperatures.

  34. 30 • What three elements does Earth have in the proper combination necessary to support life? • Water, oxygen, and temperature

  35. Mars

  36. 31 • Mars is the ____________________ planet from the sun. • fourth

  37. 32 • How long is Mars’s orbital period? • 687 days

  38. 33 • How often does Mars rotate on its axis? • Every 24 hours and 37 minutes

  39. 34 • Why are Mars’s seasons similar to Earth’s? • Its axis tilts at nearly the same angle as Earth’s.

  40. 35 • Mars is believed to have been geologically active because of its massive volcanoes and a system of deep ________________ on its surface. • canyons

  41. 36 • One of the many major volcanic regions on Mars is called ___________________. • Tharis Montes

  42. 37 • The largest volcano on Mars is ___________________________, which is three times the height of Mount Everest. • Olympus Mons

  43. 38 • Why do scientists think that Martian volcanoes have grown so large? • Mars does not have tectonic plates

  44. 39 • Two seismic wave-producing geological events called _______________________ indicate that volcanoes on Mars may still be active. • mars quakes

  45. The End

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