Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement.

1. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement. In an ionic bond, metals tend to become electron (donors/acceptors), and non-metals tend to become electron (donors/acceptors). What happens to electrons in a covalent bond?

2. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement. Name two types of chemical bonds. Covalent & Ionic What happens to electrons in an ionic bond?

3. What is an ion? An ion is a charged atom. It is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. What information is shown in a Lewis/Dot Diagram?

5. IONIC BONDING

6. Ionic Compounds When electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal, ionic bonds form from the attractions between oppositely charged ions. Metal + Nonmetal Metals tend to lose electrons to become positively charged (cations) Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to become negatively charged (anions)

7. K F Example Lewis Dot Structures (show valence electrons)

8. K F

9. _ + Ions F K Stable ionic bonds have the same number of positive and negative charges.

10. _ + K F This ionic bond is the attraction between the positive K+ ion and the negative F- ion

11. KF Put the symbols together and you have the chemical formula

12. Naming Ionic Compounds KF • For the first element, use the full element name • Potassium • For the second element, change the ending to “-ide” • Fluoride Potassium Fluoride

13. Oxidation Number • Shows the charge of an ion • Write the oxidation numbers across the top of your periodic table Mg2+

14. Periodic Table Ion Trend +1 +2 -3 -2 -1 +3 +/-4

15. More Practice • Sodium and Chlorine • Calcium and Fluorine • Magnesium and oxygen

16. BR: What is an ion? An ion is a charged atom. It is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. EQ: What information is shown in a Lewis/Dot Diagram? Lewis/Dot Diagrams are used to show the number of valence electrons for a given element.

17. BR: What is an ion? An ion is a charged atom. It is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. What information is shown in a Lewis/Dot Diagram? Lewis/Dot Diagrams are used to show the number of valence electrons for a given element.

18. What happens to electrons when an ionic bond is formed? Valence electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal. How can you check/be sure that your ionic formula is stable? In a stable ionic compound, there are equal numbers of positive and negative charges.

19. When should you use the “-ide” ending? Use “-ide” as the ending for a non-metal.

20. TRANSITION METALS Many of these metals form more than one monoatomic ion Give the element name Use roman numerals to denote charge Cr chromium Cr2+ chromium (II) Cr3+ chromium (III) Ionic CompoundsCation (positive ion) • MAIN GROUP • Give the element name • Li lithium • Li+ lithium

21. Ag +2 Ba +2 Mg +2 Fe +3 Na+1 Zn +4 Al +3 Co +3 Silver (II) Barium Magnesium Iron (III) Sodium Zinc (IV) Aluminum Cobalt (III) How would you name the following?

23. Ionic CompoundsAnions (negative ion) • Give the element name but drop the ending • Add the “-ide” ending • F fluorine • F- fluoride ion

24. O -2 P -3 Cl -1 S -2 N -3 Br -1 Oxide Phosphide Chloride Sulfide Nitride Bromide How would you name the following?

25. Binary Ionic Compounds • Binary compound: compounds composed of two different atoms • Write the name of the cation first • Write the name of the anion last • MgO • Magnesium Oxide

26. AgO Ba3P2 MgCl2 FeS Fe2S Na3N ZnBr4 Al 2O3 CuBr2 CuBr Silver (II) oxide Barium phosphide Magnesium Chloride Iron (II) sulfide Iron (I) sulfide Sodium nitride Zinc (IV) bromide Aluminum oxide Copper (II) bromide Copper (I) bromide How would you name the following?

27. What does the roman numeral in iron (III) oxide tell you? Roman numerals show the charge of a transition metal. Iron has a +3 What is the formula for iron (III) oxide? Fe2O3

28. Bond With Your Classmates Part I

29. Ionic Compound Grid • Determine the charge of each ion. • Make a stable ionic compounds. • Determine the number of total electrons transferred to form each compound.

30. Ionic Compound Grid

31. Chemistry CAT Joke

32. 1. What is the name for NaCl? • A. sodium chloride B. sodium chlorine C. sodium I chloride

33. 2. What is the correct formula for Aluminum chloride? • A. AlCl B. Al3Cl C. AlCl3

34. 3. What is the correct formula for Ba+2 and Cl-1? A. Cl2Ba B. BaCl C. BaCl2

35. 4. What is the name for CaF? • A. calcium fluoride B. calcium fluorine C. calcium II fluoride

36. 5. What is the correct formula for a compound formed when a sodium ion combines with a fluoride ion? • A. NaF2 B. NaF C. Na2F

37. 6. What is the correct formula for Magnesium chloride? • A. MgCl B. Mg2Cl C. MgCl2

38. 7. What is the correct formula for calcium oxide ? • A. CaO2 B. CaO C. Ca2O

39. 8. What is the name for MgS? A. magnesium II sulfide B. magnesium sulfur C. magnesium sulfide

40. 9. What is the correct formula for Ag+1 Cl -1? A. SiCl B. AgCl C. AgCl3

41. 10. What is the formula formed by a potassium ion and a sulfur ion? • A. K2SB. KS C. KS2

42. 11. What is the compound formed from Ca+2 and I-1? • A. CaI2B. I2Ca C. CaI

43. 12. What is the formula formed by Li +1 and O-2? • A. Li2OB. LiO C. LiO2

44. Mock Quiz Valence Electrons Ions Formula & Name • Potassium & sulfur Name  Formula • Sodium chloride • Aluminum sulfide • MgI2 • Na2O

45. Mock Quiz Valence Electrons Ions Formula & Name • Potassium & sulfur Name  Formula • Sodium chloride • Aluminum sulfide • MgI2 • Na2O

46. What does the roman numeral in iron (IV) oxide tell you? Roman numerals show the charge of a transition metal. Iron has a +4 What is the formula for iron (IV) oxide? FeO2

47. How do ionic compounds form? When electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal, oppositely charged ions attract to form an ionic bond.

48. BONDING PART II

49. Covalent Compounds

50. Covalent Compounds In covalent bonding, atoms still want to achieve stability by having a full outer energy level. Atoms SHARE electrons rather than lose or gain Nonmetal—Nonmetal