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Population Pyramids: It’s All About People

Population Pyramids: It’s All About People. Population Pyramids. What are they? A quick visual picture of a population’s structure at one specific point in time It is easier and faster to understand population structure if the data are graphed What data do they use?

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Population Pyramids: It’s All About People

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  1. Population Pyramids: It’s All About People

  2. Population Pyramids • What are they? • A quick visual picture of a population’s structure at one specific point in time • It is easier and faster to understand population structure if the data are graphed • What data do they use? • All data is taken from the Canadian Census, which is taken every 5 years.

  3. Population Pyramids – How are they created? • They are created by constucting two bar graphs. The first one looks like this.

  4. The second bar graph looks like this.

  5. Combine the two sets of bar graphs to create a population pyramid that shows the age/gender breakdown of a country’s population.

  6. Population pyramids are divided into two groups: • The dependency load is the part of the population that needs to be supported. It is made up of two components: the 0–14 age groups and the 65+ age groups. The second group is the working class. These are people between the ages of 15 & 64 that support the dependents though taxes.

  7. What do they tell us? • - can use a population pyramid to figure out if a country is a developing or a developed country • - Size of elderly, working class and implications for the future • - is population growing (broad base) or declining (narrow base) • - Birth rates (size of base) and death rates (angle of pyramid) • - Life expectancy (top part of the pyramid) • - Evidence of past events (war, big migrations) = pinched bars

  8. Types of Pyramids • Type 1: Rapid Growth • Reflects a population with: • High birth rates and a high proportion of children • High death rates, therefore people have a low life expectancy • (i.e. people don’t live long) • Examples • Canadian – Nunavut (First Nations Reserves) • Lesser Developed Countries (LDCs), Mali, Nepal • Type 2: Slow (Stable) Growth • Reflects a population with: • Lower birth rates • Lower death rates, therefore people have longer life expectancies • Examples • Canadian – Northwest Territories • Developing countries (BRIC and CUB), Brazil, Malaysia

  9. Types of Pyramids • Type 3: Zero Growth • Reflects a population with: • Equal numbers in all ages • Examples • Canadian – all provinces except Maritimes • More Developed Countries (MDCs), Australia, Japan • Type 4: Negative (Declining) Growth • Reflects a population with: • A high number of elderly compared to younger age cohorts • Very low birth rates • Examples • Canadian – Maritimes (emigration) • MDCs like Italy, Spain, Germany

  10. Canada Population Pyramid over the last • Historical age pyramid

  11. Canada’s history

  12. Baby Boomers • A baby boom is… A baby boom, by definition, is a sudden rise in the number of births observed from year to year. It ends when a sudden drop in the number of births is observed • Booms tend to happen… when economics within a country are strong • A baby boomer is – someone born within the designated boom.

  13. Canada’s Baby Boom Overview • WHO? 8.2 million births • WHY? Improved economic conditions and a related trend over the same period toward larger families.  • WHERE? Europe & North America • WHEN? Post World War II 1946-1965 • Most Canadian families had 3.7 children in the 1950s. • This meant that at this time, there was a large dependency load and a smaller working class.

  14. Impacts of the baby boom include • Increased demand on the education system in the 1960 & 1970’s. • Increased health demands as they age, possibly taking away money from education. • Increased withdrawl of the Canadian Pension Plan • Labour shortage and increase competition for skilled labour • Decisions on community infrastructure – such as housing, transportation, outdoor spaces and building accessibility (ie door knobs are not longer sold in BC) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33IlHjAHqBw • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7cPbrOXBbQ

  15. The baby boom came to and end because • General access to the Birth control pill • Women were waiting to have children as they were wanting to enter the work force first • People were marrying at a later age

  16. What has happened to the dependency load between 1956 and 2004? • What is the significance of this change?

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