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Finish Ch. Preview. Portfolios. Describe the last time you or one of you family members spent time in a medical facility. What type of facility was used? What was your experience?. Board Assignment. Health Care Systems. Facts about Health Care in the US.

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  1. Finish Ch. Preview

  2. Portfolios

  3. Describe the last time you or one of you family members spent time in a medical facility. What type of facility was used? What was your experience? Board Assignment

  4. Health Care Systems

  5. Facts about Health Care in the US Health Care is one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the US The Health Care industry employs over 10 million workers in over 20 careers Health Care is a 2 billion dollar per day business

  6. Hospitals • Vary in size and type of services • Classified by types of services provided • Operate outpatient clinics for patients who are not admitted

  7. General Hospitals • Treat a wide range of conditions Types of Hospitals

  8. Specialty Hospitals • Care for special conditions or age groups • Examples • Texas Children’s • MD Anderson • Texas Women’s • Orthopedic Types of Hospitals

  9. Government Hospitals • Operated by federal, state and local government agencies Types of Hospitals

  10. University Hospitals • Provide hospital services along with research and education Types of Hospitals • Often offer free care in order to provide learning for medical students

  11. Do you think there is a need for so many different types of hospitals? Why or why not?

  12. From memory list and describe the different types of hospitals discussed yesterday. Board Assignment

  13. Long-term care facilities(LTCs or LTCFs) • Provide assistance and care for elderly patients, individuals with disabilities, handicaps, chronic or long term illness • Examples: assisted living and nursing homes

  14. Medical Offices • Can be privately owned by one doctor, a group of doctors or corporation, and be general or specific • Provide: • Diagnosis • Treatment • Examinations • Basic lab tests • Minor surgeries

  15. Dental Offices • Can be privately owned by one dentist, a group of dentists or corporation, and be general or specific • Provide dental services

  16. Clinics • Group of doctors or dentist who share a facility or provide special care • Examples: • Kelsey Seybold • Rediclinic

  17. Optical Centers • Can be individual ophthalmologist or optometrist, or part of a chain

  18. Emergency Care Services • Provide special care for victims of accidents or sudden illness

  19. Laboratories • Usually part of another facility but can operate as a separate health care service • Perform diagnostic tests

  20. Home Health Care • Designed to provide care in a patient’s home

  21. Quick Write When you get older and need continuous care…would you rather be cared for at home or in a long term care facility? Explain your answer.

  22. Hospice • Provide care for terminally ill persons with life expectancies of 6 months or less – directed toward allowing the person to die with dignity and in comfort

  23. Mental Health • Treat patients with mental disorders and diseases • Provide: • Guidance • Counseling • Chemical abuse treatment

  24. Genetic Counseling Centers • Work with couples or individuals who are pregnant or considering a pregnancy

  25. Rehabilitation Facilities • Provide care to help patients with physical or mental disabilities care for themselves • Provide therapies: • Physical • Occupational • Other

  26. Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) • Provide total health care directed toward preventive health care

  27. Industrial Health Care Centers (occupational health clinics) • Found in large companies or industries

  28. School Health Services • Found in schools and colleges

  29. Government Agencies • World Health Organization (WHO) • International agency sponsored by the United Nations

  30. US Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) • National agency that deals with the health problems in the US • Health Departments: • Inspect for environmental health • Provide clinics • Collect statistics

  31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: • Located in Atlanta, GA • Concerned with causes, spread & control of diseases (not research)

  32. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: • Establishes & enforces standards to protect workers from job-related injuries

  33. Voluntary or Nonprofit Agencies • Supported by donations, membership fees, fundraisers, and grants • Services are NOT provided by volunteers only

  34. Health Insurance Plans • Without insurance, the cost of an illness can mean financial disaster for an individual of family • Does not pay total cost • Varies: • Payment amount • Types of services covered

  35. Health Care Insurance Terms amount paid by the patient for medical services before the policy begins to pay; money is essentially deducted from the bill Deductible specific percentages of expenses shared by the patient and insurance company (80% - 20%) Co-insurance specific amount of money a patient pays for a particular service ($20 office visit) Co-payment

  36. Types of Health Insurance Plans • 2 main providers of managed care: • Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) • Restricted to using specific hospitals and/or doctors • Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) • More flexibility in choosing hospital/doctor, but more expensive than HMO

  37. Other providers: • Medicare – federal program for people over 65 • Medicaid – state program for medical assistance • Low income families • Physically disabled • Blind

  38. Other providers: • State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) • Worker’s Compensation– health insurance plan providing treatment for workers injured on the job • TRICARE – for military and their families

  39. What do you think about the rising cost of health care?

  40. Trends in Health Care • Cost Containment– trying to control the rising cost of health care and achieving the maximum benefit for every dollar spent • Reasons for high health care costs: • TechnologicalAdvances • Aging Population • Increase in Health Related Lawsuits

  41. Methods of Cost Containment • Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) • Government plan where patients who are admitted to the hospital with a certain diagnosis are classified in one payment class • Combination of Services • Outpatient Services • Mass or Bulk Purchasing • Early Intervention and Preventative Services • Energy Conservation

  42. Home Health Care • Shorter hospital stays and Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) have created need for providing care in the home • Services: • Homemaking • Personal and • nursing care • Physical therapy • Geriatric Care • Care for the rapidly growing elderly population (people are living longer)

  43. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) 1987 – led to development of many regulations regarding long term care and home health care Requires: a) training and competency evaluation programs for nursing and geriatric assistants b) continuing education, periodic evaluation of performance and retesting if out more than 2 years c) compliance with patients rights guidelines to ensure rights are observed and enforced

  44. Telemedicine Uses video, audio and computer systems to provide medical and/or health care services Wellness • State of being in optimum health • Recognize the importance of exercise, good nutrition, weight control and healthy living habits (lifestyle choices)

  45. Alternative and Complementary Methods of Health Care Office of Alternative Medicine (OAM) • Established at the National Institute of Health in 1992 because of the increased use of alternative and complementary therapies • Researches various therapies and determines standards of quality care • Does not create laws

  46. Alternative Therapy • Methods of treatment that are used in place of biomedical therapies • Complimentary Therapy • May be given along with traditional medicine; not a replacement

  47. Holistic Health Care • Promotes physical, emotional & social well-being • Therapeutic Touch • Belief that illness is an imbalance in one’s energy field • Place hands on/near patient to manipulate energy field

  48. Chiropractors • Emphasize diagnosis, treatment & prevention of mechanical disorders of musculoskeletal system, especially the spine

  49. Acupressure • Fingers press into specific points along meridians in body to stimulate & balance the flow of energy • Acupuncture • Needles inserted to relieve pain, treat infertility & disease, and to promote general health

  50. National Health Care Plan Goal is to ensure that all Americans can get health coverage

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