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South Africa's 10-Year National Innovation Plan: Towards a Knowledge Economy

Dr. Phil Mjwara presents South Africa's 10-Year National Innovation Plan, focusing on economic transformation, innovation as a national imperative, human capital development, and the role of science and technology across government.

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South Africa's 10-Year National Innovation Plan: Towards a Knowledge Economy

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  1. Towards 2018:South Africa’s 10-Year National Innovation Plan Presented by: Dr Phil Mjwara, Director General, Department of Science & Technology Tuesday, 20 Nov 2007

  2. Contents • Economic Transformation towards a Knowledge Economy • SA’s “Grand Challenges” • Innovation as a National Imperative • Innovation Instruments • Human Capital Development • S&T Across Government • Conclusion

  3. Policy landscape NSI SWOT Benchmarked OECD Review of SA NSI New public S&T missions • Biotechnology • ICT • Advanced manufacturing • Astronomy 10Yr Innovation Plan Creation of DST Knowledge-based economy, linked to NIPF & other initiatives • Grand challenges • Human capital development R&D Strategy S&T missions Developing the NSI S&T White Paper 2004 1996 2002 2007

  4. Stage of technology development 1 = Early phase 2 = Growth phase 3 = Efficiency phase Information age Degree of technological maturity and market saturation 3 3 Age of steam 2 2 1 1 Bio-economy 1 1971 2007 1850s 1829 Time Economic Transformation

  5. Towards a Knowledge Economy KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY RESOURCE-BASED ECONOMY

  6. The Knowledge Economy The Four Pillars of the Knowledge Economy

  7. Economic & Scientific Wealth Source: DA King, Nature 430 (2004) 311 (15 July 2004)

  8. Towards a Knowledge Economy • Economic growth is driven by Innovation • Knowledge is the basic form of capital for Innovation • Knowledge generation, accumulation and exploitation • Key driver for Innovation is “high-end” human capital: PhD • PhD as the key foundation for achieving the objectives of the National System of Innovation (NSI)

  9. Principles of the 10 Year Innovation Plan Principles informing 10 Year Innovation Plan: • Articulates an innovation path to contribute fundamentally towards the transformation of the economy to a knowledge economy; • Informed by ‘triage’ in decision-making i.t.o: • Focus on SA’s areas of competence; • Global Objectives; • Societal transformation; and • Based on premise that government’s growth targets require a significant investment in innovation

  10. “Grand Challenges” • Farmer to Pharma value chain to strengthen the bio-economy; • Space S&T; • Energy security; • Global-change science (climate change); and • Human and social dynamics.

  11. Technology development and innovation Farmer to pharma Human & social dynamics Global change Energy Space science Human capital - South African research chairs initiative, professional development programme, etc. Enablers Cross- cutting enablers Grand challenges Knowledge infrastructure – Science councils, state-owned enterprises, global projects Knowledge Generation

  12. Knowledge Generation • Early-stage research (for example nanotechnology where the innovation is uncertain and projected well into the future); • Science missions (exploiting the ‘living laboratories’ of local resources and geographic advantage to generate meaningful scientific research outputs/knowledge products);

  13. Knowledge Generation and exploitation • Technology missions (for example advanced manufacturing where innovation is possible in the near future); • Conventional sectors (institutional mandates for growing the research base such that the entire sector and the economy constantly benefits, for example agriculture or health).

  14. Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation COEs Competency Centres DOE/NRF NRF/DST DST/TIA PBF/DTI • Research Chairs • PGP & HCD instruments • RISA instruments • Innovation Fund • BRICs • SPII & PII • SEDA • Khula • IDC Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

  15. Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation NRF IDC TIA Specialist Research Funds Venture Capital International Research Funds SEDA PBF Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

  16. IP Support TI Fund Venture Capital Access Enterprise Development Competency Centres Hydrogen Economy BRICS AMI AMTS

  17. Innovation as a National Competence • Technology Innovation Agency (TIA) • Intellectual Property Rights Bill (IPR) • Centres of Competence • Public Benefit Foundation (PBF) • Regional Innovation Systems • Technology Parks

  18. Human Capital Development • Increase the number of knowledge workers: Researchers • Increase the productivity of researchers • Address inequalities: Race, gender, regional & institutional distribution • Introducing appropriate Innovation Instruments in the National System of Innovation

  19. Knowledge-based Economies

  20. Strategic Positioning South Africa In 2026 (20 yrs) A 5 x increase to present situation IN WHICH LEAGUE DO WE WANT TO PLAY? South Africa In 2026 (20yrs) A 10 x increaseto future situation

  21. Existing National SET pipeline (2005) Masters ~ per yr (incl. coursework) PhD’s ~ per yr Hons grad rates~ per yr HG Maths and Science ~ per yr SET graduation rates ~per yr 26,000 3,200 15,991 2,900 561 Points of leverage from current situation • < 10% proceed from a basic degree to pursue honours • 2. Only 19% proceed from Masters to Doctoral studies 1 2

  22. Research Outputs:Scientific Journals

  23. Research Outputs:International Comparison

  24. Research Outputs:Patents

  25. S&T Across Govt • Inter-Departmental S&T initiatives (Technology Managers Forum); • Infrastructure investment in line with ASGISA (i.e. rail, road, air, energy, etc.); • Public procurement innovation (support local innovations incl. SMME’s and techno start-ups); and • Monitoring S&T in SA (annual reviews, surveys and patent statistics).

  26. OECD Review: Key Findings • Human Capital for SET is sub-optimal. • A long term planning Framework is needed. • The governance framework needs more vertical and horizontal integration. • There is an innovation chasm with an insufficient number of research products directly influencing the real economy. • Science, Technology and Innovation for the 2nd economy should be more pronounced and visible.

  27. Conclusion… • Application of knowledge to generate new products and services; • Five “grand challenges” as a mechanism to create focus and developing a research agenda with specific national outcomes; • Ensure innovation as a national competence is strengthened by appropriate mechanisms (i.e. TIA; Centres of Competence); • Enhance country’s ability to generate knowledge including early stage research areas;

  28. Conclusion (cont.) • Infrastructure • Internationalisation of our Research Enterprise

  29. KE A LEBOGA#(121340)

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