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A frica. Wildly Beautiful. Geography. Savannas-vast stretches of grasslands Tropical rain forests- receive over 100 inches of rain a year and include areas of jungle Jungles- dense tangles of plants and trees that grow wherever sunlight reaches. Lakes. Lake Chad
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Africa Wildly Beautiful
Geography • Savannas-vast stretches of grasslands • Tropical rain forests- receive over 100 inches of rain a year and include areas of jungle • Jungles- dense tangles of plants and trees that grow wherever sunlight reaches
Lakes • Lake Chad • Lake Victoria-the source of the Nile in northern Uganda
Bantu • Bantu originated in west-central Sub-Saharan Africa • Linguists have determined the migration of Sub-Saharan people by following the growth of Bantu
Power of Words • The history and culture of Africa has been discovered through oral traditions. • Storytelling, poems, and songs passed by word of mouth.
Kush and Aksum Kingdoms of Africa
Kingdom of the Nile • Kush was located in the Egyptian region called Nubia • Culture very close to Egyptian • Major trading center from Red Sea to the Nile • Gold, ivory, ebony, and ostrich feathers • 1600 B.C., Karmah emerged on the Nile • Nubian roots may be tied to Karmah
Kush Is Annexed • Kush became a distinct kingdom • 1520 B.C., Egyptian rulers brought Nubia and Kush under their control for 500 years • Between 1100 B.C. and 1000 B.C. Egypt and Kush were less involved with each other • 710 B.C.-Kush conquered Upper Egypt and ruled for 50 years
Weak, but still holding on… • Kush attacked by Assyrians • Defeated by Egyptian force • Reorganized the military and fought back • New age in culture and economy emerged • Meroë became new capital • Many diverse cultural influences • Believed in Greek gods
Aksum Takes Over the Hood • Aksum took over the weakening kingdom of Kush • Located in Ethiopian Highlands • Thriving by A.D. 100’s based on ivory • King ‘Ezānā conquered the remains of Kush
Aksum Prospers • Aksum prospered under King ‘Ezānā • Taxes collected, coins minted • Converted Aksum to Christianity • Christianity grew throughout the eastern region of Africa • Like Constantine in Rome • Foundations for the thriving Ethiopian Church
Nothing Lasts Forever • A.D. 300 to 600, Aksum was greatest trading kingdom in eastern Africa • Erosion from excessive land use caused land to become ruined • By A.D. 700, the Persians gained control of trade on both sides of the Red Sea