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Manipulated Gamma Spectroscopy: Methodologies and Applications

Manipulated Gamma Spectroscopy: Methodologies and Applications. Saed Dababneh Al-Balqa Applied University, JORDAN. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GERMANY. University of Notre Dame, USA. Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, USA. CERN. Why … ?. Efficiency Signal-to-Background Ratio

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Manipulated Gamma Spectroscopy: Methodologies and Applications

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  1. Manipulated Gamma Spectroscopy:Methodologies and Applications • Saed Dababneh • Al-Balqa Applied University, JORDAN. • Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GERMANY. • University of Notre Dame, USA. • Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, USA. • CERN. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  2. Why … ? • Efficiency • Signal-to-Background Ratio • Correction Factors • Interference • True Coincidence (Summing) • Random Coincidences • … • For What…? • Nuclear Structure • Environmental • Material • Nuclear Astrophysics • Medical • Industrial • … • Composite detectors • Online vs. offline histogramming • Coincidence/anticoincidence • … Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  3. “Classical” Compton Suppression • Online signal processing and hardware gating. • Anticoincidences. Kill good events !!! Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  4. Detector Spheres • Cost • Room • Availability • Passive Shielding Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  5. Detector Spheres Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  6. “Chronic” Corrections • Geometry (Extended Source) • Self Absorption • True Coincidence Summing • Random Coincidences Last Year !! Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  7. Stellar Evolution (Overview) Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  8. Thermonuclear Resonant Reactions Resonance Strength  Low energy ? Barrier penetration       Yield  2    2    Background ?? Projectile Target Q Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007. Compound Nucleus Cross section EC   Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007. Energy

  9. Specific Problem Neutron sources for the s-process 12C(p, )13N(+)13C(,n) 14N(, )18F(+)18O(, )22Ne(,n) • At temperatures of interest: • Reaction rate is dominated by • 2 resonances; 470 & 566 keV. • Never observed directly ! • Estimated resonance strengths. • Now: Improved detection sensitivity. • Measuredresonance strengths. 770 750 660 566 470 18O +  22Ne Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  10. How … ? • Close Geometry • Granularity (if available) • Offline Analysis • Timing • Cosmic Suppression • Random Coincidences • Cascade Coincidences • Measured Corrections • Simulated Corrections • Avoid Calculations based on assumptions • … Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  11. Experimental Setup for Accelerators Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  12. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  13. Multiplicities Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  14. Cosmic Suppression Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  15. Random Coincidences Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  16. Addback vs. Direct Mode Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  17. Addback vs. Direct Mode Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  18. Summing-in and -out Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  19. Doppler Correction Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  20. Various Modes of Operation Ignore scintillation u No suppression. Anticoincidences Use Pl. Scintillator u Cosmic suppression. Use BGO uCompton suppression. Coincidences (w/o cosmic suppression) Window on Clover + BGO u Q-value gating. BGO window uCascade coincidences.ttt Clover addback window u Summing-in. Clover crystal window u Summing-out. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  21. Ultimate Data Reduction • Cosmic suppression. • Cascade coincidences. • Random coincidences. • Signal-to-background ratio…!!! Offline 1.27 0 Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  22. Detection Sensitivity • Low-energy ultra-weak resonance. • 10 days beam on target. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  23. Detection Sensitivity Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  24. Detection Sensitivity Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  25. Detailed Coincidences • Modes 1 & 2 are • accounted for. • u Partial strength. • Bypasses over • first excited state? 1 2 3 4 R 1.27 Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  26. 3-D Spectra Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  27. So what ? • Improved detection sensitivity. • Bypass verification. • Weakest resonances detected. • Target stability. • Quantified reaction rate. Physical Review C 68, 025801 (2003) Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  28. Setup for Small Samples • Sample measured with 2 Clover detectors in close geometry. • Each Clover consists of 4 HPGe crystals. • Nearly 4π geometry  High efficiency. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  29. Singles vs. Coincidences Phys. Rev. C 69 025803 (2004) Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  30. Monte Carlo (Remember 2006…!!) • Close geometry summing. • Classical correction needs TOTAL efficiency • MC  total efficiency • If MC why not MC Summing correction What about efficiency for coincidences?? Validate MC Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  31. Correction Factor using Experimental Data 16 % in Direct Mode Confirmed by MC Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 517 (2004) 230-239 Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  32. Finally … Get spirit of ideas and apply to your setup Invest in yourself www.dababneh.com/yarmouk07 Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  33. Many Thanks www.dababneh.com/yarmouk07 Acknowledgement Franz Käppeler, Michael Heil, Rene Reifarth, Ralf Plag, Iris Dillmann, Michael Wiescher, Joachim Görres, Nikolas Patronis, Shawn O’Brien. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  34. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  35. Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

  36. Again: Addback vs. Direct Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.

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