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COST ACTION 637 2 nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Lisbon, Portugal October 29-31, 2008. Preliminary investigation of As, F - and V in groundwater of Viterbo province (Latium – Italy). E. Veschetti , L. Achene , P. Pettine, F. Gennari , E. Ferretti, L. Lucentini, M. Ottaviani.
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COST ACTION 637 2nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Lisbon, Portugal October 29-31, 2008 Preliminary investigation of As, F- and Vin groundwater of Viterbo province (Latium – Italy) E. Veschetti, L. Achene, P. Pettine, F. Gennari, E. Ferretti, L. Lucentini, M. Ottaviani Istituto Superiore di SanitàDepartmentofEnvironment and PrimaryPreventionRome (Italy)
Summary of chronic health effects • Arsenic:Neurotoxicity, liver damage, reproductive problems, skin changes, cancer. • Fluoride:Dental and skeletal fluorosis, bone cancer, premature aging, mental retardation . • Vanadium:Cellular growth affected (inhibition of enzymes, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids and fatty acids synthesis); gastrointestinal problems; genotoxicity.
Investigated area in 15 months(July 2007 – September 2008) ITALY Viterbo 230,000 inhabitants 78% of the province inh. Sampling sites 62 springs 128 wells
Experimental activities: synopsis Activities carried out on site Sampling Physico-chemicalparameters Site identification Glass PE+ HNO3 PE GPS T ESSE Topographicsurvey Fluiddynamics pH χ As V NPOC Alkalinity Anions Cations
Experimental activities: synopsis Laboratory analyses SIC Titrationwith HCl TOCanalyser ET-AAS ICP-OES Cations HCO3- Anions NPOC As V
Frequency distribution of As concentrations 57 53% 17 9 4 < 1
Spatial distribution of As Legend: ● 0 - 7 µg/L ■ 8 - 10 µg/L 11 - 13 µg/L ▲ ≥ 13 µg/L
Frequency distribution of F- concentrations 3.56 1.18 0.72 0.33 84% 0.14
Spatial distribution of F- Legend: ● 0.00 - 1.00 mg/L ■ 1.01 – 1.50 mg/L 1.51 – 2.00 mg/L ▲ ≥ 2.00 mg/L
Frequency distribution of V concentrations 75 18 11 7 98% < 1
Spatial distribution of V Legend: ● 0 - 35 µg/L ■ 36 – 50 µg/L 51 – 65 µg/L ▲ ≥ 65 µg/L
Cluster analysis of the data set(metric: unweighted pair-group average, linkage distance: 1-r Pearson)
Conclusions • Near 1/2 of the examined water sources contained As at levels > 10 µg/L. On the contrary, water collected from few sites resulted not-conformed for F- and V (16 % and 2 %, respectively). • High levels of As and F- were found around Bolsena and Vico Lakes, especially in the south-east of the lakesides. High values of V were detected in a small area in the east of Bolsena Lake. • Water dilution is generally a simple and economical strategy to reduce As, F- and V concentrations within the legal limits. • This approach cannot be applied where uncontaminated water sources are not available (i.e., in the south-east of Vico Lake for As). In such cases removal treatment is the only applicable strategy to solve the problem.
Future perspectives • Other sites will be monitored by the end of the year • Speciation analysis will be carried out in water samples containing a detectable level of As and V