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Bethany Lanier, Alex Linville, and Brittany Bingham. ESL In The Classroom. Useful Statistics. In 2004-2005, approximately 5.1 million (10.5%) of U.S. students were ELL Approximately 79% of ELLs are from Spanish-language backgrounds six states contain 61% of the nation’s ELL population
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Bethany Lanier, Alex Linville, and Brittany Bingham ESL In The Classroom
Useful Statistics • In 2004-2005, approximately 5.1 million (10.5%) of U.S. students were ELL • Approximately 79% of ELLs are from Spanish-language backgrounds • six states contain 61% of the nation’s ELL population • They are Arizona, California, Texas, New York, Florida, and Illinois
Population Figures for NC • NC had 70,288 ELLs in 2004-05 which is a 371.7% increase from 1994-95 • the non-English speaking population within the following counties (census 2000): • Total Population% as ESL Students Buncombe 206,330 5.9% • Haywood 54,033 3.3% • Macon 29,811 3.5% • Madison 19,635 3.4% • Jackson 31,471 5.7%
Who is ELL? • Any student who identifies a primary home language other than English and failed to pass the WIDA ACCESS placement test (http://www.wida.us/assessment/access/ACCESS_Sample_Items.pdf ) • Students remain identified as ELL until meeting the ELL identification exit criteria, also known as the Comprehensive Objective Composite (COC).
What effect has ESL students had on NC schools? • Increased student population (2000): • 37% of the Hispanic population is under the age 18 (only 25% for the total population) • 40% of Hispanics are between 18-35 (only 27% for total population) • ELL students have strained funds, space, materials, and other resources • Districts with little money still must provide education for ESL students
Standard Course of Study for ESL • Standard 1: English language learners communicate for Social and Instructional purposes within the school setting. • Standard 2: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Language Arts. • Standard 3: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Mathematics. • Standard 4: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Science. • Standard 5: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Social Studies. • Must be at level 5: http://www.wida.us/standards/RG_Performance%20Definitions.pdf
Issues for ELL Teachers • Overload of / on students • Lack of knowledge in how to be successful • Few schools in NC offer ESL certification • Barton College, East Carolina University, Gardner-Webb University, Lenoir-Rhyne College, Mars Hill College, Meredith College, North Carolina State University, UNC Chapel Hill / Greensboro / Pembroke / Charlotte • Need to translate documents for parents • Lack of descent materials & limited time with students • NCDPI bases ELL funding on # of teacher assistants ($29,750 each) plus money for each ELL student ($356.53) plus money for LEA's with many ELL students ($3,171.34 extra).
How DPI Can Help Teachers: • Develop a curriculum which incorporates student’s language and culture • Give ESL training for all education teachers • Education based on adding a second language (Grammar / Vocabulary) • Provide workshops for teachers to learn more about the cultures of their students
More tips for the teacher! • Encourage ESL (and all) students to ask questions • Embrace other cultures in your classroom • Inform students about social activities • Positive reinforcement • Use gestures when speaking
Stages of Second Language Acquisition • Pre-production • Early production • Speech emergence • Intermediate fluency • Advanced fluency
Sources • http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/fbs/resources/data/highlights/2011highlights.pdf • http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/ • http://www.ets.org/Media/Conferences_and_Events/pdf/ELLsympsium/ELL_factsheet.pdf • http://www.wida.us/assessment/access/ACCESS_Sample_Items.pdf • http://www.census.gov/census2000/states/nc.html • http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/curriculum/esl/faq/ • http://pewhispanic.org/states/?stateid=NC • http://www.lovingyourchild.com/2011/02/esl-students-tips-teaching-english-language/ • http://www.everythingesl.net/inservices/language_stages.php