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The Most Precious Natural Resources in the Middle East Oil and Water http ://education.nationalgeographic.com/archive/xpeditions/lessons/01/g68/iraqoil.html?ar_a=1. Population and Land Use Relationship. Examine the following maps: 1. Southwest Asia Climate 2.Southwest Asia Population Map
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The Most Precious Natural Resources in the Middle EastOil and Water http://education.nationalgeographic.com/archive/xpeditions/lessons/01/g68/iraqoil.html?ar_a=1
Population and Land Use Relationship • Examine the following maps: 1. Southwest Asia Climate 2.Southwest Asia Population Map 3. Southwest Asia Land Use Map • Analyze the relationship between climate, the location of natural resources and the settlement patterns in Southwest Asia.
Guided Questions • Which country in the region appears to have the highest overall population density? • Where do Oil and Natural Gas seem to be the most concentrated in Southwest Asia.
Who have more Oil? • Most people think of oil as the central resource that shapes the Middle East. Why is this so? • Which countries appear to have the most oil? The least? Might this explain why we hear more in the media about some countries in this region than others?
Think about WATER while you consider the following quotes: • "Many of the wars of this [20th] century were about oil, but the wars of the next century will be about water." –Former World Bank Vice President Ismail Serageldin
Turkey Siria Israel Iraq Others
Another Quote: • "The next war in the Near East will not be about politics, but over water." -Former UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Two of the most important ancient civilizations, Egypt and Mesopotamia, developed in areas where water was plentiful.
Why do you think water is so important? Look in your Sketch map and identify all water resources in the Middle East
Articles Review • Read the following articles about water in the Middle East, and answer the questions that follow. • Please Note that these articles were written in 2000, but that while some of the region's leaders have changed, the issues remain the same.
Articles Guided Questions • Briefly describe why water is a source of conflict, according to these articles. • Which countries are making plans to somehow change the natural flow or distribution of water? Which countries object to these plans, and why? • How does one country's control of a water source impact another country? • Why is the Southeast Anatolia Project (GAP) particularly controversial? Why is Turkey so determined to continue despite so much opposition? • How do you think these issues developed since these articles were written in 2000?
Closing • What have you learned about the importance of water? • Were there any surprises? • Do you have any questions about these issues learned today?