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DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE

BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS ENGINEERING. FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE. Authors:: Bajnóczy Gábor Kiss Bernadett.

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DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE

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  1. BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS • DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND • ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS ENGINEERING • FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE Authors:: Bajnóczy Gábor Kiss Bernadett

  2. The pictures and drawings of this presentation can be used only for education !Any commercial use is prohibited !

  3. The composition of our atmosphere is funny Calculated and real composition of our atmosphere (mbar)

  4. Explanation of the high nitrogen content N2+O2 NO N2O, NO, N2, NH3 NO → NO2 → HNO3 NO3- Decay of organic nitrogen by bacteria

  5. FORMATION OF THE ATMOSPHEREFacts and theories • Geological evidences:the early atmosphere was in contact with the surface → sedimentary rocks • Composition of the early atmosphere:N2, H2O, CO2and volcanic origin SO2, H2, CO, H2S,Cl2 • Origin of life (atheist theory): CH4, NH3 Lack of anorganic carbon depositions Carbonate sedimentary rocks are too young

  6. Origin of oxygen • Photodecay origin: • Production of anaerob activity • photosynthesis h υ H2O (steam) + 0,5 O2 (gas) H2 (gas) Absorbs in the same region

  7. The fate of carbon dioxide • SILICATE ROCKS: CaMgSi2O6 + CO2<=>MgSiO3 + CaCO3 + SiO2 • ABSORBED IN WATER → CaCO3 sedimentary rocks CO2 balance: rate of human activity >> rate of natural removal XIX. century 290 ppmCO2 2000. 370ppm

  8. Nitrogen • lightening → Nitrogen removal →Biosphere feedback History of the main components

  9. Composition of the present atmosphere water in steam form + particles + gases Other gases: CO2, Ne CH4, Kr, H2, N2O, CO, Xe, O3, NO2 Gases in clue (<10-2 ppm): NH4, SO2, CH4Cl, CH4F2Cl2, C2H2, H2S, CCl4, C2H3Cl3

  10. THE STRUCTURE OF THE PRESENT ATMOSPHERE • 5,1*1018 kg, 50% 5km, 90% 12km, very thin layer altitude pressure thermosphere mesosphere Burn of meteorites stratosphere ozone formation troposphere temperature

  11. OZONE FORMATION IN THE STRATOSPHERE Chapman modell (1930): 1. 2. 3. Edissz=492 kJ/mol, above the stratosphere Low pressure, bottom layer of the stratosphere Edissz=101 kJ/mol,15-30 km height

  12. THE DOBSON UNIT

  13. Thickness of the ozone layer 1DU ozone content = 0,01 mm ozone layer in standard state

  14. FORMATION OF HYDROXYL RADICALS In the upper layers of the stratosphere Lower layers concentration: 106 molekula/cm3 lifetime: 1 sec

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