Surface Data Availability

1. Surface Data Availability Workshop on Chemical Data Assimilation and Data Needs for Air Quality Forecasting June 20-22, 2005 Silver Spring, MD Chet Wayland EPA Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards RTP, NC

2. Outline • Who’s on first? • The Existing Monitoring Networks • What’s available in real-time? • AIRNow • Where are we going? • National Monitoring Strategy • NCore Level 2

3. Monitoring Networks • National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS) & State & Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) • http://www.epa.gov/oar/oaqps/qa/monprog.html • Clean Air Status & Trends Network (CASTNet) • http://www.epa.gov/castnet/overview.html • Interagency Monitoring of Visual Environments (IMPROVE) • http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/ • Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) • http://www.epa.gov/air/oaqps/pams/general.html • National Air Toxics Trends Sites (NATTS) • http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/airtoxpg.html • Speciation Trends Network (STN) • http://epa.gov/ttn/amtic/speciepg.html

4. ~4,000 stations whose size and distribution are determined by the needs Of state/local Agencies to meet their State Implementation Plan requirements

5. ~1,080 stations that are a subset of the SLAMS network with emphasis on areas of maximum concentrations and high population density

6. Clean Air Status & Trends Network (CASTNet)

11. What’s available in real time? • Data currently delivered to AIRNow Data Management Center (DMC) • Data automatically QA/QC’d each hour • Available 20-30 minutes past the hour

12. Ozone Sites Delivering Data to AIRNow

13. PM2.5 Sites Delivering Data to AIRNow

14. What’s on the horizon • DMC being modified to handle additional parameters • PM2.5 data from “emergency response” situations (wildfires, etc.) • Precursor gas parameters • Speciation parameters • Meteorological parameters • Limited monitoring network for continuous precursor (24 sites) and speciation (10 sites) parameters • Upper air data??? • System can process the data if it is available

15. Met station actively reporting data to AQS

16. Summary of Parameters for the AIRNow Data Management Center Current Parameters Precursor Gas Parameters Speciation Parameters Meteorological Parameters

17. Where are we going? • National Monitoring Strategy • Explicit effort to lay down a multiple pollutant measurement infrastructure to drive and support integrated air program management • Shifts network from one of “compliance” dominated toward greater support for public reporting, program accountability, and scientific needs • Goal: Establish a national network of 75-100 multi-pollutant sites that could characterize the major components of the atmosphere and meteorology

18. L2 Level 3 Background: NCore Measurements Level 1. 3-10 Master Sites Comprehensive Measurements, Advance Methods Serving Science and Technology Transfer Needs (Not funded) Level 2: ~ 75Multi-pollutant (MP) Sites,“Core Species” Plus Leveraging from PAMS, Speciation Program, Air Toxics L1 Level 3: Single or a few pollutants at a site (e.g.> large networks for PM2.5 and O3 Minimum “Core” Level 2 Measurements PM2.5 FRM, HNO3, NH3, Continuous N,SO2,CO, PM2.5, PM10, O3Meteorology (T,RH,WS,WD)

19. NCore Level 2 Sites • Measurements • Continuous • CO, SO2, No/NOy, O3, PM2.5, PMc • Integrated • PM2.5 FRM (1/3 day), Speciation • Need to develop methods for: • NH3 (ammonia), HNO3 (nitric acid), “true” NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) • Meteorology • Ambient Temperature, Relative Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind Direction

21. Summary • There is a significant amount of real-time data available for ozone and PM2.5 today • The AIRNow DMC is capable of handling multiple pollutants today • Availability of continuous monitoring for multi-pollutants is the current limiting factor • Future monitoring strategy moving towards providing more continuous data