BOREDOM

1. BOREDOM It Can Lead to Disaster…

2. Witch WITCH ~The Salem Witch Trials~ WITCH BY: Daniel Allen Jennie Estep Jacob Faust Paul Long WITCH WITCH

3. Objectives 1. Students will be able to identify the major events and ideas of the Salem Witch Trials. 2. Students will be able to interpret the concept that literature can both affect history and be affected by history. 3. Students will be able to draw connections Between the events of 1692 and the modern world.

4. What Are The Salem Witch Trials?

5. Our Founding Fathers Established this Country on the Idea of Religious Freedom… But, Before Their Time… The Puritans Had a Different Idea

6. Why Are the Salem Witch Trails So Important to American History? They Shaped the Early Stages of the American Judicial System.

7. The Red Scare

8. The Colony • Part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. • Under British Rule (Before the United States was its Own Country). • Before the Salem Trials About a Dozen People Were Put to Death in Europe for the Crime of Witchcraft.

9. The Colony The Area The People • Devastated by Illness. • Poor Sanitation. • Fear of Indian Attacks • Endless Petty Arguments. • Where should the fence go? • Whose cow ate whose crops? • When debts should be settled?

10. The Accusers Also Called The “Afflicted” • Abigail Williams • Believed to be the “ringleader” • Only 11 Years Old • Moved to Salem in 1689 • Elizabeth “Betty” Parris • Cousin to Abigail Williams • Only 9 Years Old • The Preacher’s Daughter

11. The Accusers • Ann Putnam, Jr. • 12 Years Old • Friend of the Parris Household • Mary Warren • Oldest of the Accusers (20 Years Old) • Changed Her Accusations • Accused of Witchcraft Herself • Resumed Original Position and Acquitted

12. Tituba • Parris Family Slave. • Originally from Barbados. • Part Indian Part Black • Told the “Afflicted” Girls Tales About Voodoo and Supernatural Events. • Accused of Witchcraft by Abigail Williams and Betty Parris. • She Admitted To Practicing Witchcraft.

13. What Caused The Mass Hysteria? • SATAN? • Disease, natural disasters, bad luck…all work of the devil. • Satan recruits witches and wizards to work for him. • Troubled times make it seem likely that Satan was active. • Smallpox, Strife, Frontier wars with Indians.

14. What Caused The Mass Hysteria? • Convulsive ergotism, a disease caused by eating infecting rye that can produce hallucinations. • Teenage Boredom • No T.V. (OMG), No IPODs (OH NO!), and lots of Bible Reading!! • Judges receptive to accusations of witchcraft. • As a way to shift blame for their wartime failures • Admission of spectral evidence • (SHADY!)

15. What Caused The Mass Hysteria? • Confessing “witches” adding credibility to earlier charges. • Old feuds between the accusers and the accused spurring charges of witchcraft. • The whole town went CRAZY!

16. Inside The Courtroom Over 200 People Were Accused

17. Proceedings • The Court was Set Up by Governor William Phipps on June 27, 1692. • 1st A person was accused of witchcraft. • 2nd That person was arrested. • 3rd That person was the questioned by 2 or more magistrates. • A magistrate is an officer of the court with limited power such as a Justice of the Peace. • 4th The case was then presented to the Grand Jury. • This is when pleas were entered.

18. 5th If indicted the person would then stand trial. • The jury was made up of 7 magistrates to decide guilt or innocence. • 6th If convicted the person would then receive their death sentence and date of execution. • 7th The sheriff and his deputies would then carry out the sentences.

20. The Executions

21. Bridget Bishop Sarah Good Elizabeth How Susannah Martin Rebecca Nurse Sarah Wilds George Burroughs Martha Carrier George Jacobs John Proctor John Willard Giles Cory Mary Easty Alice Parker Mary Parker Ann Pudeator Margaret Scott WilmontRedd Samuel Wardwell . 19 People Were Hung 14 Women and 5 Men 1 Man (71 Years Old) was Crushed To Death by Stones.

22. All of the Victims Pleaded Innocent and Begged for Mercy. One Woman Pleaded Guilty and Her Execution was Delayed. She was Eventually Pardoned. Governor William Phipps Finally Disbanded the Court 4 Months later on October 29, 1692. He had received a Lot of Outcry and Letters and His Own Wife was Even Accused of Witchcraft. He Pardoned All Accused that were Still in Prison.

23. Can Literature Effect History? Or Vise Versa?

24. Cotton Mather ~ Minister ~ Author of Memorable Providences1689 ~ He outlined the “symptoms” of witchcraft ~ Claims he did not attend the trials of Salem, but he was reported to be at several executions on Gallows Hill ~ He wrote about the trials before they were dissolved.

25. Would the “Afflicted” Girls Have Been Able To Pull Off Their Acts Without Cotton Mather?*Hint, Hint…His Book was in the House Where Everything Started*

26. Nathaniel Hawthorne ~American Novelist and Short Story Writer. ~Born in Salem, Massachusetts. ~His Birth Name was Nathaniel Hathorne. ~He was the Grandson to John Hathorne– One of the Judges from the Salem Witch Trials.

27. Nathaniel Hawthorne ~He Added the “w” to His Name After Learning of the Evil His Grandfather Had Done During the Trials.

28. Victims Live On In Literature • “Young Goodman Brown” – Nathaniel Hawthorne • Goody Cloyse – Book Character • Sarah Cloyse – Sister to 2 Hanging Victims (Accused but Not Indicted). • “The Crucible” – Arthur Miller • This is a Play • Includes Multiple Victims, Accusers, Authority Figures, and Family Members of Those Involved in the Trials. • He wrote this reenactment in response to Unfair Government Treatment by the Un-American Activities Committee.

29. Can Literature Effect History? Or Vise Versa?

30. What Happened During the Salem Witch Trails?

31. Do You Have Any Moles, Birthmarks, or Other Discoloration of the Skin? If So… You may contain the “Witch’s Mark”… You may be a WITCH!!

32. Have You Ever Skipped Church? If so … OH, NO!! You must be working with the DEVIL!!

33. Do You Know Any Mentally Unstable People? Careful … They may be tricked into confessing to witchcraft … And name you as a WITCH!!!

34. Do You Own a Pet? Pets are familiars of the DEVIL!!

35. If Someone Tied Your Right Thumb to Your Left Toe Would Your Body Float in Water? Obviously The DEVIL is Keeping You Afloat!

36. What Now? ~Flee Salem ~Accuse Someone Else ~Confess Even Though Your Innocent ~Plead Innocent and Stand Trial ~Refuse to Stand Trial and Face the Consequences

37. Test On Friday… Hope You Paid Attention!!!